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Pemanfaatan Limbah Biomassa Jagung Untuk Produksi Biochar di Desa Bangunsari, Pesawaran Wahyu Hidayat; Agus Haryanto; Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim; Udin Hasanudin; Seldi Prayoga; Bagus Saputra; Alim Fadila Rahman; Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan
Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) TABIKPUN Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jpkmt.v3i1.77

Abstract

Jagung merupakan komoditi unggulan di Desa Bangunsari, Pesawaran, namun hasil panen menyisakan limbah biomassa tongkol jagung. Selama ini limbah tongkol jagung hanya dibuang dan dibakar, sehingga menimbulkan masalah polusi, efek rumah kaca dan pemanasan global. Pemanfaatan limbah tongkol jagung sebagai bahan baku biochar dapat menjadi solusi yang menjanjikan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan manfaat penting biochar sebagai pembenah tanah kepada petani di Desa Bangunsari, membangun tungku produksi biochar, dan mempraktikkan cara membuat biochar dari tongkol jagung. Metode pengabdian menggunakan PLA (Participatory Learning and Action) dengan melibatkan beberapa petani yang dilatih dalam pembuatan biochar. Dari kegiatan PKM ini telah dibangun satu tungku produksi biochar dari batu bata dan tanah liat yang mampu memproses bahan baku berupa limbah tongkol jagung dengan kapasitas proses 35 meter kubik. Petani yang terlibat dalam kegiatan PKM ini mengerti proses pembuatan biochar menggunakan tungku tanah liat
THE DESIGN OF SOLAR DRYING TOOL WITH A FLAT CHIP COLLECTORS Hizami Ch Anwar; Budianto Lanya; Agus Haryanto; Tamrin -
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1887.506 KB)

Abstract

Rack solar drier is one example of useful utilization of solar energy, but has not widely used by the public, yet.  Using this solar drier we can dry our fish and agricultural products without fossil fuels. Solar dryer works by absorbing sunlight by four blackened flat collectors, and the heat generated by the collectors was transferred by air flow to the plenum chamber and drying chamber consisting of shelves.  The solar dryer used in this experiment has dimension of 4,66 m length by 4,66 m width and by 1,95 m height. The dryer has a capacity of around 50 kg materials that can be dried during 20 hours.  Based on our testing it was observed that the decrease in water level was not uniform among the shelves position. The final moisture content was highest in the top shelves, followed by middle shelves and bottom shelves.  The average final moisture content was 16,95%.  The time required for drying was 20 hours, with an average moisture load of 10,46 kg H2O.  The average drying rate was 0,5228 kg H2O/jam or 2,10% wet basis per hour.  In this experiment intensity of solar radiation was measured to be 634,88 Watt/m2, and electric power of 12,83 Watt was used to run small fan in order to exhaust moist air.  The average energy used (Qe) for drying banana chips was 37124,58 kJ per each drying process and the average energy input used during the drying process (Qrs) was 147.227,87 kJ. This meant that average drying efficiency was 27,07%.  Technically, it can be concluded that solar dryer can be used as an alternative to drying agricultural commodities.  Keywords: moisture content, banana chip, solar drier, flat collectors, solar intensity.
PENENTUAN NILAI PARAMETER KINETIKA ORDE SATU PADA SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH Amieria Citra Gita; Agus Haryanto; Tri Wahyu Saputra; Mareli Telaumbanua
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Agustus
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1013.894 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v7i2.72-79

Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan alternatif pengganti bahan bakar solar yang dapat dibuat dari minyak jelantah.  Pembuatan biodiesel dapat dilakukan dengan metode transesterifikasi yaitu mereaksikan antara minyak jelantah dan metanol sehingga menghasilkan metil ester dan gliserol dengan bantuan katalis basa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu reaksi dalam pembuatan biodiesel dan menentukan nilai parameter kinetika orde satu pada sintesis biodiesel dari minyak jelantah untuk memprediksi hasil reaksi.  Penelitian ini menggunakan  rasio molar 1:6 dengan waktu reaksi sebesar 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6 dan 10 menit dan suhu reaksi sebesar 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55 °C.  Bahan yang digunakan meliputi minyak jelantah, metanol dan NaOH dengan parameter penelitian meliputi rendemen, massa jenis dan viskositas.  Kinetika reaksi merupakan reaksi orde satu dari fungsi suhu dan konsentrasi non biodiesel untuk memperoleh konstanta laju reaksi dan energi aktivasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen biodiesel tertinggi terdapat pada suhu 55 °C dan waktu reaksi 10 menit. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan memiliki massa jenis antara 0,863-0,885 gram/ml (sesuai SNI), dan viskositas 2,825-5,277 cSt (sesuai SNI). Nilai konstanta laju reaksi (k) pada suhu suhu 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 dan 55 °C sebesar 9,8×10-4 s-1, 10,8×10-4 s-1, 11,67×10-4 s-1, 14×10-4 s-1, 14,83×10-4 s-1,  dan 21,67×10-4 s-1. Nilai energi aktivasi (Ea) reaksi yang dihasilkan sebesar 23,83 kJ/mol. Kata Kunci:   Biodiesel; Minyak Jelantah; Transesterifikasi Basa; Kinetika Reaksi
PENGARUH GETARAN TERHADAP KERUSAKAN MEKANIS TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) Zelzha Arinnesia Varanita; Tamrin -; Agus Haryanto
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 5, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (309.01 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v5i2.%p

Abstract

Mechanical damage that occurs in tomatoes only visible and probably most who do not know. Without realizingit experienced mechanical damage tomato fruit will make the tomatoes are not worth selling because the fruit isdamaged. This research aims to determine how much damage suffered mechanical damage tomatoes mechanicalvibrated at different times. Varieties of tomatoes used are tomato gondol at the age of 70-80 days of harvest. Inthis research, tomatoes put in a storage container as much as 3 squares and vibrated at different times. As manyas 20% of tomatoes which can not be used in the research because of a pest when planting and rub with a storagecontainer (pallet). The results showed that the tomatoes will suffer mechanical damage such as bruises, scars andwounds ruptured (perforated top). The length of time the magnitude of vibration could be the benchmark ofmechanical damage to the fruit. However, it must also show the hardness of tomatoes to be vibrated. Tomatoessuffered mechanical damage until the worst was bruised and perforated top so that the fruit is not worth selling.Mechanical damage which is obtained not only from research through visual or tangible, but found to be anumber. The highest value of weight loss is on T3L2 with a value of 2,07% by weight of the intensity valueshrinkage of 1,66%. Percentage of tomatoes are not worth selling at 6,79% due to the damage caused by theprovision of mechanical vibration, with wide intensity mechanical damage amounting to 3,08%.Keywords: Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill), mechanical damage, respiratory and climacteric.
Pengaruh Kadar Perekat Terhadap Karakteristik Briket Arang Limbah Kayu Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) Rahmi Adi Bazenet; Wahyu Hidayat; Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti; Melya Riniarti; Irwan Sukri Banuwa; Agus Haryanto; Udin Hasanudin
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 10, No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v10i3.283-295

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effects of adhesive content on rubber wood charcoal briquette characteristics. Wood charcoal was produced using a double-drum retort kiln at > 500°C.  Wood charcoals were crushed into powder and then mixed with tapioca adhesive of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The charcoal-adhesive mix was then pressed using a hydraulic press machine. For comparison, rubber wood biomass briquettes were also produced using wood particle-adhesive mix with similar adhesive content.  Biomass and charcoal briquettes characteristics as physical properties (density and water absorption), chemical properties (ultimate analysis, and FTIR analysis) and energy properties (calorific value) were evaluated.  The results showed that density ranged between 0.52-0.56 g/cm3, water absorption of 6.54-7.47%, C content of 82.67-84.41%, H content of 3.28-3.60%, N content of 0.67%-0.74%, and calorific value of 30.76-32.86 MJ/kg.  The results of FTIR analysis showed changes in the spectrum of the wave band on the functional groups OH, CH, C≡H, C=C, and C=O, indicating the decomposition of the chemical components of rubber wood due to pyrolysis.  The results prove that increasing the adhesive content can reduce the quality of briquettes.  Based on physical, chemical, and energy properties, charcoal briquettes with 5% adhesive showed better characteristics than briquettes with 10% and 15% adhesive content, showing water absorption of 6.54%, C content of 84.41%, H content of 3.28%, and heating value of 32.86 MJ/kg. Keywords:  adhesive content, charcoal briquette, pyrolysis, rubber wood waste, tapioca starch
PENGARUH RASIO MOLAR DAN WAKTU REAKSI TERHADAP HASIL DAN MUTU BIODISEL MELALUI REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI DENGAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK Viffit Desiyana; Agus Haryanto; Sri Hidayati
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (812.039 KB)

Abstract

Biodiesel is alkyl esters that are produced through alcoholysis or (transesterification) process of triglycerides with methanol or ethanol in the presence of bases.  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the molar ratio and reaction time on the yield and quality of biodiesel from used cooking oil through transesterification process assisted ultrasonic wave at a frequency of 42 kHz.  This research was conducted using waste cooking oil obtained from the cracker factory in Sukarame, Bandar Lampung.  The chemicals used are methanol and NaOH as catalyst (both are of technical grade).The experiment was arranged by two factors, namely the molar ratio and reaction time.  Factor molar ratio of methanol the used cooking oil is composed of three levels, namely 3 : 1, 4,5 : 1, and 6 : 1.  Reaction time factor consists of three levels, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 30 minutes.  All treatments are carried out with three replications.  The results showed that the presence of ultrasonic wave can eliminate the process of heating and stirring at conventional biodiesel transesterification process.  Production of biodiesel produced in this reaction ranged from 55,67 to 70,67 % with the characteristics density of 0,86 to 0,94 kg/liter, acid number 0,09 to 0,15 %, and viscosity of 4,16 to 8,07 cSt.  Statistically, molar ratio and reaction time significantly affect the yield and acid number of biodiesel but did not significantly affected the viscosity and density of biodiesel.  Molar ratio and reaction time best obtained at a molar ratio of 6 : 1 with reaction time of 30 minutes.  Biodiesel produced could potentially be used as a substitute fuelin kerosene stove. Keywords: Molar ratio, reaction time, biodiesel, used cooking oil, ultrasonic wave
OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN USAHA LABORATORIUM LAPANG TERPADU FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE LINEAR PROGRAMMING Wahyu Ratnaningsih; Sandi Asmara; Winda Rahmawati; Agus Haryanto; Dwi Dian Novita
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 7, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (362.288 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v7i1.25-34

Abstract

ABSTRAKLaboratorium lapang terpadu (Lab. LT.) merupakan salah satu laboratorium yang terdapat di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung.  Memiliki luas 67.000 m², yang terbagi menjadi 5 bagian utama yaitu lahan usaha, lahan penelitian dan praktikum, lahan ternak, kolam ikan, dan lahan tidak terpakai.  Penelitian ini menggunakan model linear programming berdasarkan metode simpleks dengan bantuan software QM For Windows.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu merumuskan formulasi matematika model linear programming dan menghitung nilai keuntungan optimal bagi pengelolaan Lab. LT.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai keuntungan data asumsi lebih besar dari data asli berdasarkan kondisi Lab. LT.  Keuntungan yang diperoleh setiap tiga bulannya jika nilai Zmax (x2) sama dengan nol yaitu Rp.22.200.370, dengan ketentuan luas lahan usaha ditambah 0,52% dari luas sebelumnya dan untuk kolam ikan ditambah 2,22% dari luas sebelumnya.  Sedangkan berdasarkan nilai asumsi keuntungan yang akan diperoleh setiap tiga bulannya yaitu Rp.34.810.000, dengan ketentuan luas lahan penelitian dan praktikum ditambah 1% dari luas lahan sebelumnya dan untuk kolam ikan ditambah 2,33% dari luas kolam yang digunakan sebelumnya.  Selisih keuntungan yang diperoleh dari data asli dan data asumsi yaitu sebesar Rp. 14.821.850 setiap 3 bulannya.__________________________________________________________________Kata kunci: Optimalisasi, riset operasional, linear programming, metode simpleks, QM for windows.
THE POTENTIAL OF COMMUNITY ACCEPTANCE ON UB-03 BIOMASS STOVE Eza Yolan Yuswansyah; Agus Haryanto; Budianto Lanya; Tamrin .
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : The University of Lampung

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Abstract

UB-03 stove is a modern and efficient stove fueled by solid biomass, like pieces of branches, corn stalks, pieces of scrap wood, palm shells, and trash briquettes.. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of community acceptance on UB-03’s biomass stove.  The research was conducted from February 2013 to March 2013 in  namely Way Halom village, Sub-district of Gunung Alip, District of Tanggamus and Sidosari village, Sub-district of Natar, District of South Lampung. The methods used in this study include direct interview, demonstration of using UB-03 stove, and questionnaires. Data collected together with stove appearance (model, performance, price) was used to analyze the influence of education level and income rate to community acceptance towards UB-03 stove. The results showed that people in Sidosari and Gisting (80% of respondents) potentially receive and willing to use the UB-03 stove.  In both villages, education level and income rate affected people willingness towards UB-03 stove.  Respondents with education level from elementary to high school were highly interested (80%) towards UB-03 stove. People having diploma degree and above, however, were less interested to the stove.  Communities with income rates between Rp.500.000, - up to Rp.2.000.000,- showed high willingness in using the stove. In Sidosari, people with income over Rp.2.000.000,- showed less interested.  Stove’s price that could be accepted in the two villages were in the range of Rp.35.000,- to Rp.75.000,-.Keywords: UB-03 Stove, willingness, appearance, price and form
Sel Bahan Bakar Berbasis Mikroba-Tanaman (P-MFC) Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik; Prinsip Kerja, Variasi Desain, Potensi dan Tantangan Dwi Cahyani; Agus Haryanto; David SS Marpaung; Raizummi Fil’aini
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (292.711 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i2.112-121

Abstract

AbstractPlant Microbial Fuel Cell or known as P-MFC, is an emerging technology to produce electricity. P-MFC is projected as a possible solution in developing an alternative source of electricity that is highly available and sustainable. P-MFC is not releasing pollution during the running time. Hence, the only side product of this technology is water. The electricity could be harvested in situ, or directly on the reactor site location. P-MFC shows unique symbiosis between the plant and the microbe, which live around the plant roots area. Naturally, the microbe will eventually degrade the organic matter and convert it to electricity with the support of a particular P-MFC design. The P-MFC design for research purposes has already been various compare to the initial introduction.  Besides, the plant type occupied has been diverse as well. This article reviews four main parts of P-MFC technology. Firstly, an explanation of fundamentals  processes in P-MFC and its plant. Secondly, about the P-MFC design variations and its power output.   Thirdly, about P-MFC power potential in Indonesia. And lastly, about the challenge of P-MFC application.Keywords: bioenergy, P-MFC, fuel cell, microbe, bioelectricityAbstrakSel Bahan Bakar Berbasis Mikroba-Tanaman atau lebih dikenal dengan Plant-Microbial Fuel Cell (P-MFC) adalah teknologi baru terbarukan untuk memproduksi energi berupa listik. P-MFC menjadi solusi potensial dalam pengembangan energi listrik alternatif yang mudah didapatkan dan ramah lingkungan. P-MFC tidak menimbulkan polusi saat digunakan karena hasil samping satu-satunya adalah air. Listrik yang dihasilkan dapat dipanen langsung dilokasi peletakkan reaktor P-MFC. Lebih lanjut, teknologi P-MFC memanfaatkan keberadaan mikroba yang hidup di sekitar area perakaran tanaman. Secara alamiah mikroba akan mendegradasi bahan organik dan kemudian mengubahnya menjadi listrik dengan dukungan desain P-MFC tertentu. Desain P-MFC sudah sangat berkembang sejak awal mula diperkenalkan. Selain itu, jenis tanaman yang digunakan juga semakin beragam. Pada tulisan ini, akan diulas empat hal penting mengenai PMFC. Pertama-tama, proses dasar pada teknologi P-MFC dan jenis tanaman P-MFC.  Kedua mengenai variasi desain P-MFC dan efektifitasnya dalam menghasilkan listrik. Ketiga, tentang potensi P-MFC di Indonesia. Dan terakhir, mengenai tantangan utama dalam aplikasi P-MFC.Kata kunci: energi terbarukan, P-MFC, sel bahan bakar, mikroba, listrik-bio
PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI UMBI SINGKONG DENGAN KOTORAN SAPI SEBAGAI STARTER Ucok Hasiholan; Agus Haryanto; Sigit Prabawa
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 5, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.736 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v5i2.%p

Abstract

Biogas technology is easy to be implemented and has a lot of raw materials available in various forms such aslivestock waste, agricultural waste, industrial waste and the like which has high organic matter. This study aimedto determine the biogas production, biogas yield, hydraulic retention time, and the quality of biogas made fromcassava and cassava leaves with cow dung as a starter. The experiments were performed using a completelyrandomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four repetitions. Substrate composition of cassava leaves,cassava tubers, and cow dung is A (15: 0: 85), B (0:15:85), C (0:25:75), and D (0:35:65). Variance analysisperformed using SAS statistical program. The results showed that the composition of the substrate significantlyaffect the total production of biogas, but did not significantly affect the productivity of biogas. The highestproduction of biogas obtained from C treatment amounting to 6,995 ml. The average yield of biogas is 130.85mL/g TVS. Biogas produced from treatment C and D burn easily and leave a blue flame indicates adequate contentof CH4 in biogas as a fuel.Keywords:biogas, cassava, cowdung,yield
Co-Authors Afrian, Chandra Agata Desinta Yoanma Aldi Saputra Alim Fadila Rahman Amieria Citra Gita Amieria Citra Gita Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Bagus Saputra Budianto Lanya Budianto Lanya Christine Wulandari David SS Marpaung Dea Permatasari Dermiyati Dermiyati Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani, Dewi Agustina Disca Anggi Pratiwi Dwi Cahyani Dwi Cahyani Dwi Dian Novita Dwi Haryono Dyah Isworo Eka Noer Soe'mah Eka Noer Soe'mah Eka Oktaviani Elhamida Rezkia Amien Elhamida Rezkia Amien Eza Yolan Yuswansyah Fajar Agustus Simanjuntak Febrian Kusuma Wisnu Febryan Kusuma Wisnu Febryanto, Indra Gumay Gita, Amiera Citra Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim Hizami Ch Anwar Indah Kusmindarti Indra Gumay Febryano Irma Thya Rani Irwan Sukri Banuwa Iskandar Zulkarnain Jacky Michael Pah Jamalam Lumbanraja Jiho Yoo Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Khoiril Anam Kusuma Adhianto Laily Rahmadani Putri Liman Liman Lisman Suryanegara Lutfi Wahyuni Mareli Telaumbanua Marisa Marisa Melya Riniarti Mirwan Saputro Mochamad Zakky Muhamad Inu Fauzan Muhammad Agus Windra Muhammad Amin Muhammad Haviz Muhtarudin muhtarudin Mulyani, Yessi Murdapa, Fauzan Nabila Dea Fadila Nomi Setyowati Oktafri Oktafri Ovita Yozana Puspita Yuliandari Rahmi Adi Bazenet Raizummi Fil’aini Rani, Irma Tya Reza Aprilliandi Ristanti Ristanti Rivan Okfrianas Rizza Wijaya Sandi Asmara Sangdo Kim Sapto Kuncoro Sekar Kinanti Seldi Prayoga Shilvia Vera Sinaga Shintawati Shintawati Shintawati, Shintawati Sigit Prabawa Sihyun Lee Sisi Agustin Siti Asfiatul Mukaromah Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti Siti Suharyatun Sri Hidayati Sri Rahayoe Sri Waluyo Sugeng Triyono Suharyadi Suharyadi Tamrin Tamrin Tamrin, Tamrin Titin Yulianti Tri Wahyu Saputra Tri Wahyu Saputra Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Ucok Hasiholan Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Ully Silviana Viffit Desiyana Wahyu Hidayat Wahyu Ratnaningsih Warji Warji Winda Rahmawati Winda Rahmawati Winda Rahmawati Winda Rahmawati Winda Rahmawati Winda Rahmawati Yuko Armandho Pratama Zelzha Arinnesia Varanita