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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Biologi Udayana Bumi Lestari SIMBIOSIS BIOMA : Jurnal Biologi Makassar Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Indonesian Biodiversity Journal
Retno Kawuri
Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Veterinary

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Potensi Ekstrak Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) Sebagai Pengendali Bakteri Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 Penyebab Diare Putu Cindy Arista; Retno Kawuri; I.B. Gede Darmayasa
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i01.p16

Abstract

Eugenia uniflora L. is a medical plant that can be used as a medicine for diarrhea. Exploration of antibacterial compounds from natural material can resolve various diseases that do not give effects of resistance such as the use of antibiotics. Research purposes are to know the potential of dewandaru leaf extract as an agent bacteria control of Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 that causes diarrhea and to determine the active compounds contained in dewandaru leaf extract. The method used in this study was a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments for the concentration of the dewandaru leaf extract of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% (b/v), positive control (amoxicillin), and negative control (ethanol). Determination of inhibition of dewandaru leaf extract againts B. cereus ATCC 11778 is characterized by the formation of the clear zone around paper discs using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that dewandaru leaf extract at the highest concentration (5%) was able to produce inhibition zone diameter of 7.15 mm against B. cereus ATCC 11778. Phytochemical test results showed ethanol extract dewandaru leaf contain tannin, saponin, terpenoid, and flavonoid as active compounds. GCMS analysis of the active fraction of dewandaru leaf extract (Fraction II) produced ten antibacterial compounds. The conclusion of this study, ethanol extract of dewandaru leaf was able to inhibit the growth of B. cereus ATCC 11778 in vitro. Concentration dewandaru leaf extract 1% is a minimal concentration as an antibacterial againts B. cereus ATCC 11778. GCMS analysis of dewandaru leaf extract consists of 10 antibacterial compounds such as Dodecanoic acid, Tridecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Octadecanoid acid, 8-Nitro-11-dodecanolide, Oxiraneoctanoic acid, Oxiraneoctanoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, and 1.2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid. Keyword: Antibacterial, Inhibition zone, Active Compounds.
KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PATOGEN Vibrio cholerae PADA BEBERAPA HASIL PERIKANAN YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA DENPASAR I Wayan Yogi Widyastana; Retno Kawuri; Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was to find out the existence of Vibrio cholerae, bacteria that may cause cholera disease, in some fishery products in Denpasar traditional market, Bali. This research used samples taken from three different fisheries products: tuna fishes (Euthynnus affinis), shrimps (Penaeus indicus), and shellfish (Anodonta sp.). They were taken from three traditional markets in Denpasar City: Ketapian, Kumbasari, and Pidada Markets. All samples were cultured on Alkaline Peptone Water (APW) media, continued by Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Sucrose (TCBS), and then Biochemical Test and Serology Test undertaken. The results of this study showed that two (7.4%) samples taken from Ketapian Market were proved to be positive containing pathogenic bacteria of V. cholerae; they were the shrimps with UA2 code and the shellfish with KA2 code. Meanwhile, there were no V. cholerae contaminations proven to exist in two other kind of products in other two traditional markets.
POTENSI Bacillus sp. B3 SEBAGAI AGEN BIOKONTROL PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH Ralstonia sp. PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annuum L.) Diah Kharismawati Djereng; Retno Kawuri; Yan Ramona
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 4 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2017.v04.i02.p16

Abstract

Tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani di Indonesia. Kebutuhan cabai setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan, sedangkan produksinya sangat rendah, salah satu penyebab menurunnya produksi cabai adalah adanya gangguan penyakit layu bakteri, yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia sp. Untuk menanggulanginya, maka perlu dikembangkan metoda biokontrol yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi patogen Ralstonia sp. pada tanaman cabai, serta untuk mengetahui efektivitas kultur Bacillus sp. B3 pada percobaan skala rumah kaca dalam menghambat bakteri Ralstonia sp. pada tanaman cabai. Djereng dkk. (2016), melaporkan Bacillus sp. B3 yang diisolasi dari produk CustomBio mampu menghambat Ralstonia sp. secara in vitro. Isolat Ralstonia sp. diisolasi dengan Platting Method menggunakan media selektif Sucrosa Peptone Agar (SPA) kemudian dilakukan uji Postulat Koch dan bakteri yang didapat dilakukan Uji pewarnaan Gram, uji Gula-gula, uji katalase, uji sitrat, dan hasil disesuaikan dengan buku identifikasi bakteri dari Holt et. al. (1994). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan pada uji skala rumah kaca adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan parameter yang diukur meliputi lebar daun, panjang daun, panjang akar, tinggi batang, dan diameter batang. Data pengukuran dianalisis dengan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey taraf signifikan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri Ralstonia sp. berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dari tanaman cabai dengan gejala layu bakteri. Isolat Bacillus sp. B3 mampu menghambat penyakit layu bakteri pada tanaman cabai dengan penurunan insiden infeksi sebesar ± 100% (100% survive), relatif terhadap kontrol (pot yang diinokulasi dengan patogen saja) pada percobaan skala rumah kaca selama 4 minggu.
Optimasi Periode Kultur Vibrio cholerae Ogawa pada Medium BHIB untuk Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Kultur Suta Arta; Retno Kawuri; Ida Bagus Gde Darmayasa
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i02.p04

Abstract

Balai Besar Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BBPOM) berkewajiban untuk menguji setiap produk pangan dari cemaran bakteri patogen sebelum diedarkan untuk mencegah terjadinya wabah penyakit yang ditularkan lewat makanan termasuk salah satunya Vibrio cholerae.Dalam proses pengujian produk pangan terhadap cemaran V. cholerae, terdapat masalah dalam hal ketahanan hidup kultur kerja V. cholerae.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap(RAL) Pola Faktorial.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan waktu pertumbuhan maksimal kultur V. cholerae Ogawa pada media (Brain Heart Infusion Broth)BHIB pada suhu 37oC serta untuk mendapatkan kombinasi derajat keasaman (pH) dan konsentrasiNaCl yang tepat pada medium BHIB untuk meningkatkan umur kultur kerja V. cholerae Ogawa yang disimpan pada suhu kulkas (4-8oC). Penelitian diawali dengan re-identifikasi isolat kemudian dilakukan uji kurva tumbuh dengan inkubasi 37oC selama 15 jam pada medium BHIB. Setelah diperoleh pola pertumbuhannya pada medium BHIB, penelitian dilanjutkan dengan menguji ketahanan V. cholerae Ogawa pada medium BHIB yang dimodifikasi dengan kombinasi pH (5,6,7,8, dan 9) dan konsentrasi NaCl (0,1,2, dan 3%) pada penyimpanan suhu kulkas (4-8oC). Hasil penelitian uji kurva tumbuh pada medium BHIB menunjukkan bahwa fase log (pertumbuhan maksimal) terjadi pada jam ke-5. Hasil uji ketahanan pada medium BHIB yang dimodifikasi dengan kombinasi pH dan konsentrasi NaCl menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pH 9 dan NaCl 3% merupakan kombinasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan umur daya simpan V. cholerae Ogawa pada medium BHIB. Pada kombinasi tersebut V. cholerae Ogawa mampu bertahan sampai hari ke-51 pada penyimpanan suhu kulkas (4-8oC).
POTENSI Salmonella typhi YANG DILEMAHKAN DENGAN SINAR ULTRAVIOLET SEBAGAI VAKSIN ALTERNATIF Andreas Putro Ragil Santoso; Retno Kawuri; I Nengah Kerta Besung
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 3 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2016.v03.i01.p05

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium and causes typhoid fever in humans. The success rate of Berma Vivotif Ty21a vaccine in Indonesia is only 33-66%, while in other countries have been reached up to 100%. The research was conducted in order to determine the potency of local isolate bacteria to stimulate the immune response and the impact of different exposure frequencies on the immune response and the different immune response time when administered by UV-inactivated vaccine.. The results showed that the antibody titer of local isolates irradiated by UV light 10x was 88.76 ± 33.06 IU/mL at week 4 with the lowest antibody titer values about 11.15 ± 9.18 IU/mL was found in the negative control.
PELATIHAN HIDROPONIK DI SMAN 1 DENPASAR, BALI M. Pharmawati; N. N. Wirasiti; I.G.A.S. Wahyuni; R. Kawuri
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 16 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.003 KB)

Abstract

Hidroponik merupakan salah satu teknik budidaya tanaman khususnya sayuran yang memiliki beberapa keuntungan antara lain tidak memerlukan lahan yang luas, nutrisi seimbang, bebas gulma serta produksi yang tinggi. Teknik budidaya sayuran secara hidroponik dapat memanfaatkan pekarangan rumah atau halaman sekolah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kegiatan pengenalan bertanam sayuran secara hidroponik. Tujuan kegiatan in adalah memperkenalkan dan melatih bertanam sayuran secara hidroponik bagi siswa SMAN 1 Denpasar. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari metode ceramah, praktek dan diskusi yang meliputi pengenalan jenis-jenis tanaman sayuran, pengenalan berbagai teknik hidroponik serta teknik bertanam mulai dari persemaian, pembibitan, penanaman dan pemeliharaan. Sistem hidroponik yang dipilih adalah sistem hidroponik statis sederhana dengan menggunakan wick (sumbu). Kegiatan pertama di SMAN 1 Denpasar diikuti oleh 18 siswa dan dua guru pendamping. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui antusias dan keaktifan murid serta pertumbuhan tanaman yang dipraktekkan. Sumbu yang terbuat dari kain flannel mengakibatkan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan sumbu kompor. Kegitan kedua merupakan pengenalan teknik hidroponik aktif diikuti oleh 8 orang siswa dan 2 guru pendamping.
Keberadaan bakteri patogen pada sampel pangan jajanan anak sekolah dasar di Pulau Sapeken, Sumenep, Jawa Timur Ivani Dayanara; Retno Kawuri; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 23 No 2 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (762.33 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2019.v23.i02.p04

Abstract

School children snacks are food that is found and routinely consumed by children in the school environment.Good and healthy food must be free from hazardous and toxic materials, such as microbial contamination,chemicals and other materials. The consumed food must meet the microbial contamination requirementsbased on SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) safety testing. Pathogenic bacteria still a serious problem invarious countries including Indonesia, since they are capable of causing foodborne diseases. Sapeken Islandis located in Sapeken Village, Sapeken District, Sumenep Regency, East Java Province. The purpose of thestudy was to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria in samples of snacks for school children onSapeken Island. The method used was the Most Probable Number (MPN) for Escherichia coli, Test Numberof Bacillus sp., Test Number of Staphyllococcus sp., Identification of Salmonella, and Total Plate Count(TPC). The test results obtained in the MPN of Escherichia coli included SD M (9.9 ± 3.8) MPN / g, SD 5(8.68 ± 2.73) MPN / g, SD IT (5.08 ± 0.66) MPN / g, and SD 4 (4.26 ± 2.44) MPN / g exceed the SNI limit.JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA 23(2): 60-71 P ISSN: 1410-5292 E ISSN: 2599-285661The results of JPT E. coli in snack empek-empek at SD I and SD 2, and JPT E. coli ojek in all elementaryschools is <3 MPN / g. The results of the empek-empek and ojek samples in all elementary schools for alltests with the parameter number Bacillus sp. is <1 x 103, the number of Staphylococcus sp. is <1 x 102,Salmonella identification is negative, TPC is <1 x 105 CFU / g. The conclusion of the study is snack forschool children (empek-empek) and ojek on Sapeken Island does not contain contamination of pathogenicbacteria Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Salmonella identification, and TPC, except forthe JPT E. coli test on empek empek in SD M, SD 5, SD IT and SD 4 that exceed SNI limits.
Potensi Streptomyces sp. dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum acutatum pada cabai merah besar (Capsicum annum L.) secara in vitro Rochmalia Juniarti Putri; Retno Kawuri; Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi; Inna Narayani
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p12

Abstract

Red chilli plant (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Indonesian society. One of them the pathogens attacks is Colletotrichum acutatum, a fungus causing anthracnose on red chilli. This study aims to determine the existence of Streptomyces sp. bacteria in the rhizosphere of the red chilli plant; the ability of Streptomyces sp. in inhibiting C. acutatum; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Streptomyces isolates extracts in inhibiting C. acutatum; The Streptomyces isolation was carried out by dilution method using selective meida, namely Yeast Malt Agar. The Dual Culture method was used as an inhibition test between Streptomyces sp. and C. acutatum in vitro. A well diffusion method was used to test the effectiveness of the Streptomyces sp. and MIC filtrate concentration in inhibiting C. acutatum. The data obtained in this study were analyzed with Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) then continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test with 5% significance. Five Streptomyces isolates were found, namely Streptomyces sp.1, Streptomyces sp.2, Streptomyces sp.3, Streptomyces sp.4, and Streptomyces sp.5 in the rhizosphere of healthy C. annum L. plants in Daup Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. Streptomyces sp. isolates. can significantly inhibit the growth of the fungus C. acuatum with inhibitory power ranging from 50.30% to 83.76%, Streptomyces sp.5 isolate was able to provide the highest percentage of inhibition in C. acutatum of 83.76 ± 2.91% with MIC 7% (v/v) with a diameter of 6.40 mm.
RED MOLD RICE (ANGKAK) SEBAGAI MAKANAN TERFERMENTASI DARI CHINA: SUATU KAJIAN PUSTAKA Retno Kawuri
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 17 No 1 (2013): Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Fermented food was produced in both traditional and modern techniques, to increase fungtional value and taste.  One example is Red Mold Rice (RMR) or Angkak, which is famous fermented rice from China. RMR was made from rice, red fungi Monascus purpureus and Monacolin as metabolit seconder, which believe can reduce Cholesterol dan trigelseride. Oral treatment with Cholestyn (1,2 g/d) can reduce LDL (bad cholesterol) up to 30,9% and triglesirida up to 34,1%, and can also increase HDL (good cholesterol) by 19,9%. Beside Monacolin, RMR also contains Cytrinin (0,2-122 mg/kg) which has a negative impact on functional and structural of human kidney and liver.
Antibacterial potency from the waste of durian rind (Durio zibethinus Murr.) against Propionibacterium acnes that causing acnes Made Mira Pratiwi; Retno Kawuri; I Putu Gede Ardhana
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 23 No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.749 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2019.v23.i01.p02

Abstract

One of the things that could cause pathogenesis of acne is the activity of normal flora bacteria on the skin, one of them is the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. The use of extracts which is derived from severalparts of plant such as banana peel, mangosteen peel, dragon fruit peel, potato peel, crinum lily leaf, Marsh fleabane leaf, soursop leaf, soma leaf, green betle vine leaf, and cacao seed that are known to have antibacterial activity could help in acne healing attempt. This research was conducted at Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Udayana University from December 2017 until March 2018.The research was conducted with the intention toknow the appropriate solvent to obtain the compound type of durian rind extract dissolved with three types of solvent (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate), to look for the smallest resistor value (MIC) of the extract with a solvent that provides the best inhibitory power, and to know the compound type of the extract with a solvent that provides the best inhibitory power. The method is diffusion wells and phytochemical tests. The data that is obtained in the study were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). In inhibition test against P. acnes, it is known that the durian rind ethyl acetate extract effectively showed the inhibitory effect on the bacteria growth, with MIC value of 1.1%. The compound that is contained in the durian rind ethyl acetate extract is terpenoid, steroid, flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi Andreas Putro Ragil Santoso ANINDA OKTAVIA RAHARINI Aryadi Millenia Saputra Bayu Putri Handayani Diah Kharismawati Djereng Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta Wirya Gusti Ngurah Wisnanda Putra H. Yuswanti I Gede Agus Pradana Putra I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratnawati I Ketut Ginantra I KETUT MUKSIN I Komang Adi Widyastama I Made Dira Swantara I Made Sara Wijana I Putu Gede Ardhana I WAYAN EKA DHARMAWAN I Wayan Yogi Widyastana I.G.A. Gunadi I.G.A.S. Wahyuni Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Ilham . Inna Narayani Iriani Setyawati Ivani Dayanara Job Nico Subagio K.A. Yuliadhi K.B. Susrusa Khamdan Khalimi Khotima Dwi Cahya Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini LUH Puru ESWARYANTI KUSUMA YUNI Made Mega Yuliasari Made Mira Pratiwi MADE PHARMAWATI Made Ria Defiani MADE SUSUN PARWANAYONI Meitini Proborini Wahyuni Muhammad Inas Riandi N.N.A. Mayadewi NI KADEK LOSIANI Ni Ketut Febri Antini Ni Ketut Yuliana Sari Ni LUH ARPIWI Ni Luh Cipta Ayumi Nellawati Ni Luh Suriani Ni Luh Watiniasih Ni Made Suartini Ni Made Widyasari Ni Nyoman Wirasiti Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Niti Rahayu Ni Wayan Desi Bintari Ni Wayan Purni wirathi Ni Wayan Sudatri NURI MANDAN SARI Putri Permata Putu Anjarina Putu Ayu Parwati Putu Ayu Sukmawati Putu Cindy Arista Revi Juniar Nutrihidayah Rindang Dwiyani Risha Masfufah Risky Vidika Apriyanthi Rochmalia Juniarti Putri Rochmalia Juniarti Putri SANG KETUT SUDIRGA SARMILA TASNIM Suta Arta TRISNA AGUNG PHABIOLA WIWIK SUSANAH RITA Y. Fitriani Yan Ramona