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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19795238     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal yang dikelola oleh Departemen Hasil Hutan, menyajikan Ilmu, Teknologi, dan Keteknikan (kayu, komposit kayu, pulp dan kertas, serta hasil hutan non kayu, juga konsen terhadap isu-isu lingkungan dan kebijakan-kebijakan terkait hasil-hasil hutan).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 39 Documents
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The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk.  The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part.  In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mech Apri Heri ISWANTO; Tito SUCIPTO; Irawati AZHAR; Zahrial COTO; Fauzi FEBRIANTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk.  The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part.  In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mechanical properties than medium and center part.   Keywords :              horizontal direction, palm oil stem, physical pro-perties, mechanical properties, vertical direction
Nowadays wood supplies from natural forest are decreasing.  Many efforts had been done to overcome this problem. One of them was by developing plantation forest, however it has not optimized yet because of many problems. Lately wood supplies were fulfilled by community forest woods.  One of them is cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.). The research objective was to gain information on anatomical, physical, mechanical and chemical properties of C. burmanni Blume and to analyse its utilization based on thes RAHAYU, Istie Sekartining; WAHYUDI, Imam; YOLANDA, Yoki Putra
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

Nowadays wood supplies from natural forest are decreasing.  Many efforts had been done to overcome this problem. One of them was by developing plantation forest, however it has not optimized yet because of many problems. Lately wood supplies were fulfilled by community forest woods.  One of them is cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.). The research objective was to gain information on anatomical, physical, mechanical and chemical properties of C. burmanni Blume and to analyse its utilization based on these properties. Wood samples used were three logs of 15 years old with 25 cm diameter. It showed that wood texture was fine, between sapwood and heartwood was not distinguished well. Specific gravity was 0.56, while MOE, MOR, and  compressive parallel to grain were 55.731 kg/cm2, 742 kg/cm2, and 392 kg/cm2, respectivelly. Solubility in ethanol benzene was 4.07%, cellulose content  was 48.53%, hemicellulose was 15.71% and lignin was 22.72%. Based on those properties, it could be recommended that C. burmanni wood was suitable enough for furniture, pulp, and light construction purposes.   Keywords :              community forest, Cinnanomum burmanii Blume, wood properties, wood utilization.  
Penggunaan kertas bekas seperti karton gelombang atau old corrugated container (OCC) dapat membantu konservasi sumberdaya alam dan menjaga mutu lingkungan hidup. Sifat kekuatan pulp-nya yang rendah secara teoretis dapat ditingkatkan melalui substitusi dengan pulp asli. Bambu merupakan sumber potensial untuk menghasilkan pulp substitusi ini. Dalam penelitian ini bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus) berumur 2 tahun dibuat pulp melalui proses soda panas, yang kemudian dipergunakan untuk mensubstitusi pul Nyoman WISTARA; Hanif N HIDAYAH
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

Penggunaan kertas bekas seperti karton gelombang atau old corrugated container (OCC) dapat membantu konservasi sumberdaya alam dan menjaga mutu lingkungan hidup. Sifat kekuatan pulp-nya yang rendah secara teoretis dapat ditingkatkan melalui substitusi dengan pulp asli. Bambu merupakan sumber potensial untuk menghasilkan pulp substitusi ini. Dalam penelitian ini bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus) berumur 2 tahun dibuat pulp melalui proses soda panas, yang kemudian dipergunakan untuk mensubstitusi pulp OCC dengan kadar 0, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 dan 100%. Pulp campurannya kemudian diputihkan dengan metode pemutihan elemental chlorine free (ECF) DEDP (chlorine dioxide - alkaline extraction - chlorine dioxide - hydrogen peroxide). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks tarik tertinggi (30,84 Nm/g) diperoleh dari komposisi pulp bambu : karton (B/K) = 30/70. Nilai indeks sobek dan derajat putih tertinggi dihasilkan oleh komposisi B/K = 100/0 yang masing-masing sebesar 8,45 N.m2/kg dan 77,02%. Nilai indeks retak tertinggi dihasilkan oleh komposisi B/K = 50/50. Komposisi pulp bamboo dan pulp OCC secara nyata mempengaruhi sifat-sifat pulp campuran. Komposisi optimal untuk menghasilkan sifat kekuatan dan sifat optic terbaik diperoleh dari B/K = 70/30.   Keywords :    Gigantochloa apus, OCC, recycled pulp, substitution  
Connection is the weakest point of the structural building system. Structural construction building system must ensure that there is only a tensile force or just axial compression that is working on the connection. Data on the lateral design values (Z) double shear connection wood beam with nails of steel side plates for various types of tropical Indonesian wood have not studied much. Average moisture content (MC) for the main member varies from 13.3 to 22.5% while average specific gravity (r) f Sucahyo SADIYO; Naresworo NUGROHO; Surjono SURJOKUSUMO; Imam WAHYUDI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

Connection is the weakest point of the structural building system. Structural construction building system must ensure that there is only a tensile force or just axial compression that is working on the connection. Data on the lateral design values (Z) double shear connection wood beam with nails of steel side plates for various types of tropical Indonesian wood have not studied much. Average moisture content (MC) for the main member varies from 13.3 to 22.5% while average specific gravity (r) from 0.27 to 0.76 and then wood density from 0.31 to 0.89 g/cm3. From this average value of MC, SG and wood density the lowest is sengon and the highest is rasamala wood. Average allowable load of compression parallel to grain ( ) and parallel tensile ( )is sengon, but the highest is bangkirai. There is a general tendency that and is linier to r of those wood. is approximately 2 times greater than its .  The number of nail (4-10 pieces) did not give effect of average Z, but with the nail diameter 4.1 to 5.2 mm Z increased significantly and this value decreased on 5.5 mm diameter nail. Average Z also increases with increasing of ρ for  displacement 1.50 mm (Indonesian Standard PKKI NI-5 1961)) and 5.0 mm (breaking load). The increasing of Z happens because ρ effect. At 5.0 mm displacement the increase of Z is not as sharp as that of 1.5 mm. Power regression type is the best equation to predict Z of wood density for several diameters of nails.   Keywords :    Allowable load of tensile parallel to grain, density, displacement, double shear connection, lateral design values
Biodeterioration should be controlled properly for efficient and sustainable forest products (woods) utilization. This research aimed to know the distribution of wood biodeterioration in house structure; the biodeterioration intensity and its economic loss in Lembang, Bogor, Serang and North Jakarta, which were different in temperature and humidity.  The survey was conducted to 200 houses in the four places.  The result showed that wood biodeterioration occured in most (90%) house buildings.  Do Trisna PRIADI; Dodi NANDIKA; Kurnia SOFYAN; ACHMAD .; Arif Budi WITARTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

Biodeterioration should be controlled properly for efficient and sustainable forest products (woods) utilization. This research aimed to know the distribution of wood biodeterioration in house structure; the biodeterioration intensity and its economic loss in Lembang, Bogor, Serang and North Jakarta, which were different in temperature and humidity.  The survey was conducted to 200 houses in the four places.  The result showed that wood biodeterioration occured in most (90%) house buildings.  Doors, windows and roof structures were the most frequent attacked by biodeterioration agents. Decay fungi attacked wet wooden house components, mainly lisplank and ceiling, whereas termites attacked mainly doors, windows, poles and walls. The volume of damaged wooden house components in Lembang and Bogor were higher than those in the warmer and drier regions, Serang and North Jakarta. The average economic loss due to wood biodeterioration in a houses was about  Rp28 000/year.  However the economic loss per region was quite high, about two billion rupiahs per year in Serang and more than eight billion rupiahs in Bogor City.   Keywords : Biodeterioration, decay fungi, termites, beetles, residential buildings
This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the  wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear  resista Wayan DARMAWAN; Irsan ALIPRAJA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the  wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear  resistance is influenced by the abrasive material contained in the wood, especially silica, both in wood and wood composite products. Mersawa wood caused the cutting tools wear faster than other types of solid wood. Cement board as a composite product caused the damaged of the cutting edge of high speed steel tool due to high abrasive materials contained in the the cement board. Tungsten carbide tool has higher wear resistance than high speed steel tool.   Keywords : wear resistance, high speed steel, tungsten               carbide, silica, extractive
The purpose of this study was to analyze the phisycal and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard using bamboo as raw materials. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) used in this study was taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted using hammer mill and air dried subsequently. The particle zise was passed of the 20 mesh screener. Three types pretreatment were used to prepare the particle, namely : 1) water boiling for 30 and 60 minutes, 2) oxydation using hydrogen peroxyde, SUHASMAN .; Muh. Yusram MASSIJAYA; Yusuf Sudo HADI; Adi SANTOSO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the phisycal and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard using bamboo as raw materials. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) used in this study was taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted using hammer mill and air dried subsequently. The particle zise was passed of the 20 mesh screener. Three types pretreatment were used to prepare the particle, namely : 1) water boiling for 30 and 60 minutes, 2) oxydation using hydrogen peroxyde, and 3) combination of water boiling for 30 minutes and oxydation using hydrogen proxide. As a control, conventional particleboards using 10 % melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin based on dry particle weight was produced. The particle which has pretreated then utilized to produce binderless particleboard with board density of 0.75 g/cm3. The pressing conditions were 180 oC in temperature, 25 kgf/cm2 in pressure for 20 minutes. The board characteristics were tested according to JIS A 5908 2003. The results indicated that particleboard made from  particle with oxydation pretreatment performed superior characteristics compared to those of particleboard made from particle only with water boiling pretreatment. Dimensional stability and modulus of elasticity of board with oxydation pretreatment were excellent. Its was superior compared to that of conventional particleboard using melamine formaldehyde as adhesive.   Keywords : Bamboo, Binderless Particleboard, Oxydation, Hydrogen Peroxyde
This research was conducted to study the effects of pretreatment with white-rot fungi on pulp properties of betung bamboo. Inoculum stocks of white-rot fungi (25 ml) were injected into polybag contained barkless fresh bamboo chips of 1.6 cm in width. Each polybag contained 221.21-230.43 g oven dry weight of chips. Bamboo chips in the polybags were inoculated by P. ostreatus and T. versicolor. Both of them were then incubated for 30 and 45 days in an incubator. Bamboo chips were cooked in open ho Widya FATRIASARI; Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR; Faizatul FALAH; Dede Heri Yuli YANTO; Euis HERMIATI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

This research was conducted to study the effects of pretreatment with white-rot fungi on pulp properties of betung bamboo. Inoculum stocks of white-rot fungi (25 ml) were injected into polybag contained barkless fresh bamboo chips of 1.6 cm in width. Each polybag contained 221.21-230.43 g oven dry weight of chips. Bamboo chips in the polybags were inoculated by P. ostreatus and T. versicolor. Both of them were then incubated for 30 and 45 days in an incubator. Bamboo chips were cooked in open hot soda process. The cooked bamboo chips were then fibrillated using beater hollander and stone refiner. Yield, kappa numbers (TAPPI 236 cm-85) and freeness (CSF) of the pulp were then analyzed. Pulp yield pretreated with P.ostreatus and incubated for 30 days was the highest (increased by control 22.31%), while that pretreated with T.versicolor was the lowest (decreased by control 22.20%). The increasing of incubation time had positive correlation with the reduction of kappa number. Statistic test (ANOVA) at 95% level of confidence show that fungi give significant effect on kappa number, freeness, and kappa number degradation. Besides that fungi, the interaction between fungi and incubation times give significant effect on the yield changes and pulp yield. T. versicolor had better activity in 45 days of incubation. Pulp freeness resulted              from this study were still lower than the desired value. Pretreatment of betung bamboo using T. versicolor with               45 days of incubation was considered better than the other treatments.   Keywords : Betung bamboo, biopulping, pulp yield, kappa number, degree of freeness
Candlenut shell as a lignocelullose raw material is a potential by-product for produce activated charcoal. It’s quality are affected by raw material and activated process i.e. temperature, activation time and activating agent.  This paper intends to study the properties of activated charcoal made from candlenut shell. Candlenut shell was carbonization at 500 °Cfor 5 hour. Then activated using phosphoric acid in three different temperatures: 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C, in the duration time of 90, Saptadi DARMAWAN; Gustan PARI; Kurnia SOFYAN
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

Candlenut shell as a lignocelullose raw material is a potential by-product for produce activated charcoal. It’s quality are affected by raw material and activated process i.e. temperature, activation time and activating agent.  This paper intends to study the properties of activated charcoal made from candlenut shell. Candlenut shell was carbonization at 500 °Cfor 5 hour. Then activated using phosphoric acid in three different temperatures: 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C, in the duration time of 90, 120 and 150 minutes.  The result shows that candlenut shell activated charcoal more influence of temperature than activation time. Overall, the activated charcoal met the Indonesian Standard requirement for commercialised activated charcoal with optimation activation at 800 °C  for 120 minute.   Keywords :    Candlenut shell, activated charcoal, optimation, activation, phosphoric acid
This research objective was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from logging residue from plantation forest, namely akasia (Acacia mangium) and ekaliptus (Eucalyptus sp). Type particle was sawdust and bonded with Urea Formaldehyde (UF)-Isocyanate mix resin with ratio 100:15. Control resin (UF) was also prepared for comparison with resin solid content 52.7%. The target thickness of particleboard was 1 cm, pressed at 25 kg/ cm2 for 15 minutes at 140 °C. Level o Arif NURYAWAN; Iwan RISNASARI; Pamona Silvia SINAGA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

This research objective was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from logging residue from plantation forest, namely akasia (Acacia mangium) and ekaliptus (Eucalyptus sp). Type particle was sawdust and bonded with Urea Formaldehyde (UF)-Isocyanate mix resin with ratio 100:15. Control resin (UF) was also prepared for comparison with resin solid content 52.7%. The target thickness of particleboard was 1 cm, pressed at 25 kg/ cm2 for 15 minutes at 140 °C. Level of resin was 7% based on oven dry particle weight. The boards were evaluated based on JIS A 5908-2003. The results showed:1) Utilization of               UF-isocyanate mix resin improved the moisture content, thickness swelling, and water absorption of particleboard 2) The best particleboard from physical and mechanical properties point of view was particleboard made of akasia bonded with UF-isocyanate mix resin   Keywords :  Physical and mechanical properties, logging residue, particleboard  

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