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INDONESIA
Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 23375701     EISSN : 2337 5701     DOI : -
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Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) is a scientific publication on all aspect of clinical pharmacy. It published 4 times a year by Clinical Pharmacy Master Program Universitas Padjadjaran to provide a forum for clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking and a more collaborative approach in patient care. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is intended to feature quality research articles in clinical pharmacy to become scientific guide in fields related to clinical pharmacy. It is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, and brief research communications on all aspects of Clinical Pharmacy. It is also a media for publicizing meetings and news relating to advances in Clinical Pharmacy in the regions.
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Articles 476 Documents
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Correlation between Low Grade Inflammation with Endothelial Progenitor Cells Surface Marker in Hypertension Widjaja, Johnson; Bakri, Syakib; Donosepoetro, Marsetio
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

Patients with hypertension have been shown to express reduced number and functional capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Recent study reveals that EPCs contain an important capability to maintain endothelial integrity and vascular homeostasis. Therefore, enhancement of EPCs could be benefit for individuals with cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the correlation between low grade inflammation marker (hsCRP) with EPC surface marker (CD34 total) in hypertension. This was an observational study with cross sectional design conducted in 51 nonhypertenive and 60 hypertensive subjects. hsCRP (as marker of inflammation) was measured by immunochemiluminometric method. CD34 total (as marker of EPC) was measured by flow cytometry method. hsCRP concentration was higher in hypertensive subjects compare to nonhypertensive subjects (mean±SD, 2.709±2.50 vs 2.476±2.438 mg/L; P>0.05). CD34 total level was lower in hypertensive subjects compare to nonhypertensive subjects (mean±SD, 1.957±0.858 vs 3.244±3.463/μL; P<0.05). hsCRP had positive correlation with CD34 total in hypertensive subjects (P<0.05). The increasing concentration of hsCRP will stimulate the CD34 total level in hypertensive subjects as demonstrated by the positive correlation between hsCRP with CD34 total.Key words: hsCRP, CD34 total, endothelial progenitor cell, hypertensionKorelasi antara Inflamasi Tingkat Rendah dengan Endothelial Progenitor Cells Surface (EPCs) Marker pada HipertensiAbstrakPasien dengan hipertensi menunjukkan penurunan jumlah dan fungsi kapasitas Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs). Penelitian terkini mengungkapkan bahwa EPCs memiliki kemampuan penting untuk memelihara integritas endotelial dan homeostasis pembuluh darah. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan kapasitas EPCs bermanfaat bagi individu dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi korelasi antara marker inflamasi tingkat rendah (hsCRP) dengan marker EPC surface (total CD34) pada hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan desain cross sectional pada 51 orang nonhipertensi dan 60 orang pasien hipertensi. hsCRP (marker inflamasi) diukur menggunakan metode immunochemiluminometric. Nilai total CD34 (marker EPC) diukur dengan menggunakan metode flow cytometry. Konsentrasi hsCRP lebih tinggi pada pasien hipertensi dibandingkan pada pasien nonhipertensi (mean±SD, 2,709±2,0 vs 2,476±2,438 mg/L; P>0,05). Nilai total CD34 lebih rendah pada pasien hipertensi dibandingkan dengan pasien nonhipertensi (mean±SD, 1,957±0,858 vs 3,244±3,463/μL; P<0,05). hsCRP memiliki korelasi positif dengan total CD34 pada pasien hipertensi (P<0,05). Peningkatan konsentrasi hsCRP akan menstimulasi level total CD34 pada pasien hipertensi seperti yang ditunjukkan dengan korelasi positif antara hsCRP dengan total CD34.Kata kunci: hsCRP, total CD34, endothelial progenitor cell, hipertensi
e-Prescription: An e-Health System for Preventing Adverse Drug Events in Community Healthcare Soegijoko, Soegijardjo; Puspitasari, Irma M.
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

The paper describes development activities of an e-health system for community health center (Puskesmas) with integrated adverse drug events e-prescription module, consist of system design and development, human resource development, e-health system realization, laboratory and implementation test of e-health system. Some e-readiness evaluations were conducted, through a number of field visits and questionnaires. The results had been used in the e-health system design and development, installation of the internet access infrastructure, and implementation of the education and hands-on training for the medical and administrative staff of the healthcare units. After completing the e-health system design and development as well as system realization and laboratory tests stages, a series of field implementation and experiments have been successfully conducted at Puskesmas Babakansari in Bandung. A number of users feed back have been obtained and used for further improvements on both of the software and hardware modules. The e-health system with integrated e-prescription module has successfully developed and shown its expected functions in: patient registration, medical record, paperless prescription, producing the required reports and preventing possible adverse drug events.Key words: Adverse drug events, community health center, e-health, e-prescription  e-Prescription: Sistem e-Health untuk Pencegahan Adverese Drug Event di PuskesmasAbstrakArtikel ini mendeskripsikan pengembangan sistem e-health untuk puskesmas dengan modul e-prescription yang terintegrasi adverse drug event. Modul ini terdiri dari desain sistem dan pengembangan, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, realisasi sistem e-health, laboratorium dan tes implementasi sistem e-health. Beberapa evaluasi kesiapan penggunaan elektronik (e-readiness) dilakukan melalui kunjungan lapangan dan kuesioner. Hasil evaluasi digunakan dalam desain dan pengembangan sistem e-health, instalasi akses internet, implementasi pendidikan dan pelatihan bagi staf medis dan administrasi. Setelah sistem e-health selesai dan dikembangkan sesuai dengan realisasi dan tahapan tes laboratorium, sejumlah implementasi dan eksperimen telah sukses dilakukan di Puskesmas Babakansari di Bandung. Respon yang diperoleh digunakan untuk pengembangan modul lebih lanjut dari segi software dan hardware. Sistem e-health yang terintegrasi dengan modul telah sukses dikembangkan sesuai dengan fungsi yang diharapkan: registrasi pasien, medical record, resep tanpa kertas, pelaporan dan pencegahan kemungkinan adverse drug events.Kata kunci: Adverse drug events, pusat kesehatan masyarakat, e-health, e-prescription
Identifikasi Pola Penggunaan Antibiotik sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik Ridwan, Muhammad H.; Febrina, Ellin; Pradipta, Ivan S.; Ratnawati, Rani
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan jumlah dan pola penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap di salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Bandung. Data penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh dari instalasi farmasi pada Februari–September 2011. Data diolah dengan metode ATC/DDD dan DU90%. Terdapat 390,98 DDD/100 hari rawat dan 381,34 DDD/100 hari rawat pada total penggunaan antibiotik tahun 2009 dan 2010. Sebanyak 39 jenis antibiotik dikonsumsi pada tahun 2009 dan terdapat 11 jenis antibiotik yang masuk segmen 90% penggunaan (seftriakson, amoksisilin, sefotaksim,  iprofloksasin, levofloksasin, metronidazol, sefiksim, doksisiklin, tiamfenikol, sefodoksim, sefaleksin). Tahun 2010 terdapat 44 jenis antibiotik yang dikonsumsi, 18 jenis antibiotik yang masuk segmen 90% penggunaan (seftriakson, siprofloksasin, amoksisilin, sefiksim, levofloksasin, sefadroksil, sefotaksim, metronidazol, tiamfenikol,doksisiklin, klindamisin, kloramfenikol, amikasin, sulbaktam, gentamisin, streptomisin, sefoperazon, kanamisin). Terdapat penurunan penggunaan antibiotik yang diikuti penurunan jumlah hari rawat pada tahun 2009–2010, tetapi jenis dan jumlah antibiotik yang masuk ke dalam segmen 90% penggunaan meningkat.Kata kunci: Penggunaan antibiotik, ATC/DDD, DU90%, resistensi antibiotikIdentification of Antibiotic Use Pattern as an Effort to ControlAntibiotic ResistanceAbstractThe objective of this study is to determine quantity and pattern of antibiotic use in hospitalized patients at one of Bandung’s private hospital that can give benefit in control of antibiotic resistance andprocurement planning of antibiotic. Data of antibiotic consumption were obtained from hospital pharmacy department on February–September 2011. Data were processed using the ATC/DDD and DU90% method. There were 390,98 DDD/100 bed days and 381,34 DDD/100 bed days total of an-tbiotic use in 2009 and 2010. Thirty nine antibiotic were consumed in 2009 within 11 kind of antibiotics in DU90% segment (ceftriaxone, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, cefixime, doxycycline, thiamphenicol, cefodoxime, cefalexin) and 44 antibiotic were consumed in 2010 within 18 kind of antibiotics in DU90% segment (ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, cefixime, levofloxacin, cefadroxil, cefotaxime, metronidazole, thiamphenicol, doxycycline, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, amikacin, sulbactam, gentamycin, streptomycin, cefoperazone, canamycin). There were decline of antibioticuse that followed decline number of bed days/year in 2009–2010, but in both antibiotic kind and quantity of DU90% antibiotic group were increased.Key words: Antibiotic utilization, ATC/DDD, DU90%, antibiotic resistance
Analisis Kuantitatif 15-F2t-isoprostan dari Plasma Pasien Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) dengan Metode Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) menggunakan Teknik Ekstraksi Imunoafinitas Gusdinar, Tutus; Rusdi, Bertha; Fattah, Miswar
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

15-F2t-isoprostan merupakan penanda stres oksidatif yang kadarnya dalam cairan biologis relatif rendah serta memiliki banyak isomer sehingga diperlukan ekstraksi sampel sebelum dilakukan pengukuran kadar. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan diantaranya ekstraksi fase solid/Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) serta ekstraksi imunoafinitas. Perbaikan teknik ekstraksi SPE dan teknik ekstraksi imunoafinitas dilakukan untuk membandingkan hasil perolehan kembalinya. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan metode Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Penilaian efektivitas proses ekstraksi diamati melalui hasil perolehan kembali dari kedua teknik ekstraksi. Teknik ekstraksi dengan perolehan kembali tertinggi digunakan untuk mengukur kadar 15-F2t-isoprostan dari penderita Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Teknik ekstraksi imunoafinitas menghasilkan perolehan kembali 15-F2t-isoprostan yang cukup baik. Pada penderita OSA kadar 15-F2t-isoprostan dalam plasma cenderung tinggi sehingga memiliki risiko untuk menderita penyakit yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas biologis 15-F2t-isoprostan seperti arteriosklerosis.Kata kunci: 15-F2t-isoprostan, Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), ekstraksi imunoafinitas, ObstructiveSleep Apnea (OSA) Quantitative Analysis of Free 15-F2t-Isoprostane from Plasma of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method with Immunoaffinity Extraction TechniqueAbstract15-F2t-isoprostane is a biomarker in assessment of oxidative stress status that due to its relatively low concentration in biological fluid and also has many isomers, the 15-F2t-isoprostane sample need to be extracted prior to the quantifying processes. Extraction techniques commonly used to extract 15-F2t-isoprostane are solid phase extraction (SPE) and immunoaffinity extraction. Improvements to the SPE and immunoaffinity extraction techniques had been conducted, and the recovery results was then compared. The quantification of 15-F2t-isoprostane then was conducted using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Then followed by the examination of the plasma recovery results. Extraction technique which had the highest recovery then was used to quantify 15-F2t-isoprostane from plasma of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients. Immunoaffinity extraction technique has a good recovery result. OSA patients have the tendency to have high 15-F2t-isoprostane concentrations in the plasma, therefore have a potential risk to get diseases related to the biological activities of 15-F2t-isoprostane, such as arteriosclerosis.Key words: 15-F2t-isoprostane, Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), immunoaffinity extraction, ObstructiveSleep Apnea
Formulation of the Model Fluconazole Eye Drop and Its Comparison with the Available Fluconazole Eye Drops Thakral, Sunil; Ahuja, Munish
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to formulate the model formulation of fluconazole eye drop and then compare it with the available eye drops. The corneal permeation studies were conducted using freshly excised sheep cornea, mounted between donor and receptor. The receptor cell had an internal volume of 11 mL, containing ringer bicarbonate (pH 7.4, 34±1 0C). At appropriated intervals 2 ml. samples were withdrawn from the side arm and were analyzed spectrophotometrically by measuring absorbance at λmax of 260 nm. Each experiment was continued for about 2.0 hrs (triplicate). At the end of the experiment, each cornea (freed from sclera) was weighed, soaked in 1 mL. methanol, dried overnight at 90 °C and reweighed. From the difference in weights corneal hydration was calculated. Even though, the marketed formulation (Zocon) comprised of 0.3% w/v of fluconazole and our model formulation contained only 0.2% w/v of fluconazole, the amount of fluconazole permeated from model formulation and the marketed formulation was respectively 78.34±4.26 and 22.14±1.3. The permeation from model formulation was much greater than other preparations and shows less corneal hydration (80.29±0.47) than others available preparations.Key words: Fungal kerititis, fluconazole, in vitro permeation, corneal hydration, model formulationsFormulasi Tetes Mata Fluconazole dan Perbandingannya dengan Tetes Mata Fluconazole di PasaranAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi tetes mata flukonazol dan membandingkannya dengan tetes mata yang beredar di pasaran. Studi permeasi kornea dilakukan dengan menggunakan kornea biri-biri yang telah dikeluarkan, disatukan antara donor dan reseptor. Sel reseptor memiliki volume internal 11 mL, mengandung ringer bicarbonate (pH 7,4, 34±1 0C). Sampel diambil pada interval 2 mL sampel dari bagian lengan bejana dan dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan pengukuran absorbansi pada λmax 260 nm. Percobaan dilanjutkan selama dua jam (triplikat). Pada akhir percobaan, setiap kornea (dipisahkan dari sklera) ditimbang, direndam dalam metanol, dikeringkan pada suhu 90 C dan ditimbang ulang, perbedaan berat dari hidrasi korena dihitung. Formulasi yang dipasarkan (Zocon) terdiri atas 0,3% w/v flukonazol sedangkan model formulasi dari penelitian ini hanya mengandung 0,2% w/v flukonazol, jumlah flukonazol yang mengalami permeasi dari model formulasi dan formulasi dipasarkan masing-masing sebesar 78,34±4,26 and 22,14±1,3. Permeasi dari model formulasi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sediaan dan menunjukkan nilai hidrasi korneal lebih kecil (80,29±0,47) dibandingkan dengan sediaan di pasaran.Kata kunci: Fungal kerititis, fluconazole, permeasi in vitro corneal hydration, model formulations
Dampak Self Efficacy terhadap Perilaku Inovasi Apoteker di Rumah Sakit Wahyuningrum, Sri M.; Widianto, Sunu; Abdulah, Rizky
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

Rumah sakit selalu dituntut agar dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan sesuai dengan standar profesi yang sesuai dengan kode etiknya. Oleh karena itu, tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit, khususnya apoteker, dituntut untuk terus meningkatkan pelayanannya kepada masyarakat. Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, maka apoteker harus berinteraksi dan diterima oleh tenaga kesehatan professional lainnya di rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh self efficacy apoteker terhadap organisasinya di rumah sakit yang menjadi dampak terhadap perilaku inovasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu observasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur. Hasil penelitian diukur menggunakan angka berupa nilai, peringkat, dan frekuensi yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik untuk menjawab pertanyaan atau hipotesis penelitian dalam melakukan prediksi bahwa suatu variabel tertentu mempengaruhi variabel yang lain. Prediksi ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan software smart PLS. Hasil penelitian secara statistik menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara self efficacy terhadap perilaku inovasi apoteker di rumah sakit. Seorang apoteker yang memiliki self efficacy yang tinggi akan memiliki perilaku inovasi yang tinggi dalam menjalankan pekerjaan kefarmasiannya di rumah sakit.Kata kunci: Self efficacy, perilaku inovasi, apoteker di rumah sakitImpact of Self Efficacy on Innovative Behaviour Pharmacist in HospitalAbstractHospitals are always required in order to improve the quality of service in accordance with professionalstandards in accordance with their code of ethics. Therefore, health workers in hospitals, especiallypharmacists, are required to continuously improve its service to the community. To improve health servicesto the community, then the pharmacist must interact and be accepted by other professional healthpersonnel in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy pharmacistin a hospital organization that became an impact on innovative behavior. This study used an obsevationalquantitative measurement using questionnaire instrument. The results measured by number consistof value, rank, and frequencies were analyzed using statistics software smartPLS to answer the researchquestion or hypothesis to predict a particular variable affects another variable. The results showed thateffect between self-efficacy of behavioral innovations in the hospital pharmacist significantly different.A pharmacist who has high self-efficacy will obviously have the higher innovation behavior in hospitals.Key words: Self-efficacy, innovative behavior, hospital pharmacist
Ocular Insert: Dosage Form for Sustain Opthalmic Drug Delivery Thakral, Sunil Kumar; Nagori, Badri P.; Issarani, Roshan; Ahuja, Munish
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

Except for skin, the eye is the most easily accessible site for topical administration of a medication. Traditional topical ophthalmic formulations (eye drops and ointments) have poor bioavailability because of rapid pre-corneal elimination, conjunctival absorption, solution drainage by gravity, induced lacrimation and normal tear turnover. This leads to frequent  installations of concentrated medication to achieve a therapeutic effect. The typical “pulse-entry” type drug release observed with ocular aqueous solutions (eye drops), suspensions and ointments can be replaced by more controlled, sustained, and continuous drug delivery, using a controlled-release ocular drug delivery system. Ocular inserts are solid or semisolid sterile preparations, of appropriate size and shape, designed to be inserted behind the eyelid or held on the eye and to deliver drugs for topical or systemic  effect. These are polymeric systems into which the drug is incorporated as a solution or dispersion. They are better tolerated as to drainage and tear flow compared with other ophthalmic formulation and produce reliable drug release in the conjunctival cul-de-sac.Key words: Eye, ocular inserts, films simulated tear fluid, cul-de-sac Penyisipan Okular: Sediaan untuk Penghantaran Obat Mata DiperlambatAbstrakMata adalah organ yang paling mudah dijangkau untuk pengobatan topikal selain kulit. Formulasi sediaan topikal tradisional untuk mata (tetes mata dan salep) memiliki ketersediaan hayati yang rendah karena cepat dieliminasi sebelum mencapai kornea, absorpsi konjungtiva, kekeringan cairan mata karena gravitasi, lakrimasi terinduksi, dan pergantian normal air mata. Hal ini mengarahkan pada penggunaan obat yang pekat secara berulang untuk menghasilkan efek terapi. Tipe obat pulse-entry seperti tetes mata, suspensi, dan salep dapat digantikan dengan penghantaran obat yang lebih terkontrol, diperlambat, dan berkelanjutan menggunakan sistem penghantaran obat okular yang pengeluarannya dikontrol. Sediaan penyisipan okular merupakan sediaan steril berbentuk solid dan semisolid, dengan ukuran dan bentuk yang sesuai, serta didesain untuk dapat disisipkan di belakang kelopak mata atau diletakkan di atas mata untuk menghantarkan efek obat secara topikal atau sistemik. Sediaan ini  merupakan sistem polimer yang tidak larut atau terdispersi. Sediaan ini lebih baik dalam hal pengeringan dan aliran air mata dibandingkan formulasi sediaan mata yang lain dan menghasilkan pengeluaran obat yang reliabel pada konjungtiva kuldesak.Kata kunci: Mata, penyisipan okular, simulasi cairan air mata film, kuldesak
Peran Farmasis Klinis pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Tahap Akhir dengan Hemodialisis Rahmatullah, Daril; Widyati, Widyati
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

Pasien gagal ginjal tahap akhir dengan hemodialisis merupakan populasi pasien dengan kondisi multipatologis dan multiterapi yang laju morbiditas serta mortalitasnya terus meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran farmasis klinis pada manajemen perkembangan penyakit gagal ginjal tahap akhir yang menggunakan terapi hemodialisis di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian sistematis melalui penelusuran database penelitian. Penelitian yang terlibat terdiri atas 2 penelitian dengan metodologi ekperimental dan 8 metodologi deskriptif. Jenis peran farmasis klinis yang dilakukan adalah review catatan terapi (90%), evaluasi terapi (70%) dan implementasi terapi (20%). Penelitian yang ada telah memberikan gambaran mengenai peran farmasis klinis pada populasi pasien gagal ginjal dengan hemodialisis. Gambaran tersebut masih terbatas pada aktivitas pengkajian atau assessment. Hal ini karena penelitian yang berfokus pada peran farmasis klinis secara umum di Indonesia juga terbatas jumlahnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran farmasis klinis di Indonesia belum dapat dinilai kebermaknaannya.Kata kunci: Hemodialisis, gagal ginjal, farmasis klinis Clinical Pharmacist Roles On End-Stage Renal Disease Patient with HemodialysisAbstractEnd-stage renal disease with hemodialysis are considered as a multipathology and multitherapy patients which has an increase of morbidity and mortality rate. This research aim was to understand the roles of Indonesia clinical pharmacist, regarding to the subject with hemodialysis therapy. This study was a systematic review through research databases. The clinical pharmacist roles or activities ,which have beendone, were medical record review (9/10), therapeutic evaluation (7/10) and therapeutic implementation(2/10). All the studies have viewed clinical pharmacist activities on hemodialysis patient. Nonetheless the activities were only on assessment step which was actually an initial step. Limitation on quantity of this focused study on clinical pharmacist activitis on hemodialysis in Indonesia has been another constraint. The included studies have given an even more partial view due to lack of documentation on how the finding in the included research was being  assessed then followed as pharmacist care plan by the clinical pharmacist. The result of this study showed that clinical pharmacist role in Indonesia has not been yet defined its significance.Key words: Hemodialysis, renal failure, clinical pharmacist
Penggunaan Obat Penginduksi Kerusakan Hati pada Pasien Rawat Inap Penyakit Hati Cinthya, Sindy E.; Pradipta, Ivan S.; Abdulah, Rizky
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

Kerusakan hati yang disebabkan oleh obat merupakan masalah kesehatan manusia yang serius. Penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien penyakit hati dapat meningkatkan risiko kerusakan hati. Penelitian observasional ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan obat-obat yang dapat menginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien rawat inap penderita penyakit hati di salah satu rumah sakitdi Kota Tasikmalaya. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif pada periode 2010–2011 dari rekam medis pasien. Total dari 52 subjek penelitian diketahui sebanyak 50 pasien (96%) menggunakan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati dan sebanyak 2 pasien (4%) tidak menggunakannya. Obat penginduksi yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu Ranitidin (31,3%), seftriakson (23,1%), dan parasetamol (16,4%). Tingkat penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati pada pasien penderita penyakit hati masih tergolong tinggi yaitu sebesar 96%. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan obat penginduksi kerusakan hati terhadap fungsi hati.Kata kunci: Obat penginduksi kerusakan hati, penyakit hati, retrospektifAdministration of Drug Induce Liver Injury to the Inpatients with Liver DiseaseAbstractDrug induced liver injury is a serious human health problems. Pre-existing liver diseases are risk factorof liver injury by the drugs. The study was conducted to evaluate the use of drug induced liver injury in patients hospitalized with liver disease at one hospital in Kota Tasikmalaya. Informations were collected retrospectively in the period 2010-2011 from the patient’s medical record. A total of 52 patients research subjects were discovered 50 patients (96%) using drug induced liver injury and 2 patients (4%) did not use it. Drug induced liver injury most widely used were ranitidine (31.3%), ceftriaxone (23.1%), and paracetamol (16.4%). Level of the DILI usage in patient with liver disease was relative high (96%). Further research is needed to determine the effect of the drug induced liver injury to liver injury.Key words: Drug induced liver injury, liver disease, retrospective
An Urinary Excretion Profile of 500 mg Ascorbic Acid in Healthy Adults Mutakin, Mutakin
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

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Abstract

High doses of ascorbic acid have been commercially available as adjuvant. However, the pharmacologicalimportance of this supplement is yet questionable. The aim of this study is to investigate the 24 hours excretion profile of ascorbic acid after oral administration of 500 mg single dose in healthy volunteer. The urine samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours after administration. The samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid, followed by colorimetric measurement. The excretion profile showed a curve with concentrations of 14.4, 15.2, 15.6, 14.9, and 14.2% at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours, respectively. This suggests that 74.3% of ascorbic acid to be excreted via urine as an excessive amount and a high adjuvant dosage should be reconsidered.Key words: Ascorbic acid, oral administration, single dose, excretion profileProfil Ekskresi 500 mg Asam Askorbat dalam Saluran Urin pada Orang Dewasa SehatAbstrakAsam askorbat dosis tinggi telah tersedia secara komersil sebagai suplemen. Akan tetapi, kegunaan secara farmakologi pada suplemen ini masih dipertanyakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil ekskresi asam askorbat selama 24 jam setelah pemberian oral 500 mg dosis tunggal pada sukarelawan sehat. Sampel urin dikumpulkan pada jam ke-2, 4, 6, 8, dan 24 setelah pemberian. Sampel diekstraksi dengan asam trikloroasetat lalu diukur dengan metode kolorimetri. Profil ekskresi menunjukkan bahwa terbentuk kurva pada konsentrasi secara berurutan 14,4; 15,2; 15,6; 14.9; dan 14,2% pada jam ke-2, 3, 6, 8 dan 24. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa 74,3% asam askorbat diekskresikan melalui urin dalam jumlah besar dan pemakaian dosis tinggi suplemen seharusnya dipertimbangkan.Kata kunci: Asam askorbat, pemberian oral, dosis tunggal, profil ekskresi

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