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Resistance Profile of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Bacteria using Vitek® 2 Compact Method Freshinta Jellia Wibisono; Bambang Sumiarto; Tri Untari; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Dian Ayu Permatasari; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
Buletin Peternakan Vol 44, No 2 (2020): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 44 (2) MAY 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v44i2.51347

This study aimed to determine the resistance profile and the nature of multidrug resistance in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E.coli) against several classes of antibiotics. Positive isolates of ESBL-producing E.coli were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the VITEK® 2 compact method which then analyzed automatically. The results showed an antibiotic resistance profile against ESBL-producing E.coli showed the highest level of antibiotics in beta lactam, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone at 100%. Subsequent results found a relatively high level of resistance in the antibiotics aztreonam (86.36%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (77.27%), gentamicin (72.73%), and ciprofloxacin (68.18%). Antibiotics from carbapenem groups such as ertapenem and memenem, and antibiotics from the aminoglycosides (amicasin) and tigecycline groups of tetracycline still showed a high sensitivity level of 100%. The most common resistance patterns found in ESBL-producing E.coli isolates are AM/AMP/KZ/CTX/CRO/ATM/GM/CIP as much as 22.73%, and AM/AMP/KZ/CTX/CRO/ATM/GM/CIP/SXT patterns of 18.2%. The results of multi-class antibiotic resistance showed that 86.36% had multidrug resistance. The highest multidrug resistance pattern in ESBL-producing E.coli occurred with a BL/AG/Q/SP pattern of 50%. Other patterns of multidrug resistance in ESBL-producing E.coli that can be found in this study are, the BL/AG/Q/SP pattern is 18.20%, the BL/AG/Q/SP pattern is 13.64%, and the BL/AG/Q pattern is 4.55%. The high profile of resistance and the nature of multidrug resistance in ESBL-producing E.coli has the potential to spread these resistant genes, thus risking the use of antibiotics as a public health therapy and animal health, therefore further evaluation and control are needed.

Isolasi, Identifikasi, Sifat Fisik, dan Biologi Virus Tetelo yang Diisolasi dari Kasus di Lapangan (ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION, PHISICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS ISOLATED FROM FIELD CASES) Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Tri Untari; Anastasia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 13 No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

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native chicken farm suspected to Newcastle disease (ND) virus infection. Specimens were taken andcollected from the lung was further processed. Suspected materials were inoculated into allantoic sacc inspecific pathogenic free of 10 days embryonating egg chicken. The growth of the virus was determined withthe ability to agglutinate the chicken red blood cells or hemaglutination test. Positive hemaglutinationwas performed with hemaglutinatin inhibition test using specific antibody against ND virus. Method forND virus isolation, propagation and identification were based on the standard procedure of serologicalidentification for ND virus serological identification. 13 out of 34 samples were identified as ND viruses.Observation on the course and time of the virus to kill the chicken embryo could be differentiated intomoderate virus patho-type were 10 isolates and a virulent strains were 3 isolates. Further characterizationbased on the elution time observation indicated 11 isolates were not pathogenic strain and 2 isolates werenot virulent strain. Hemagglutinin stability study revealed that 11 isolates were sensitive being heated at560C for 30 minutes while 2 isolates were resistant. Biological characteristic of ND virus to hemagglutinateon various mammalian red blood cells indicating that most isolates were HA negative. Two isolates wereHA positive with cattle, horse and sheep red blood cell, and one isolate indicated positive HA test by usingsheep red blood cell. Control virus was lentogenic patho-type of La Sota strain showed HA and HI testpositive, elution time was 29 minutes, stability on the hemagglutinin after heating was 2 minutes and HApositive with cattle, horse and sheep red blood cell.

Deteksi Bovine Herpesvirus-1 Secara Immunohistokimia pada Membran Korioallantois Telur Ayam Berembrio (IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY DETECTION OF BOVINE HERPESVIRUS-1 IN CORIOALLANTOIC MEMBRANE OF CHICKEN EMBRYONATED EGG) Yuli Purwandari Kristianingrum; Charles Rangga Tabbu; Bambang Sutrisno; Sitarina Widyarini; Kurniasih .; Tri Untari; Asmarani Kusumawati
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 16 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

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Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) is caused by Bovine Herpes virus-1 in the cattle. The clinicalsigns demonstrate depression, anorexia, swelling of the vulva, redness of the vestibule, pustule and ulceron the vaginal mucosal. Based on previous research, IBR virus from the nasal swab could be grown inchorio-allantoic membrane of embryonated chicken eggs. This study aim was to confirm whether IBR virusin cattle could be grown in embryonated chicken eggs as a substitute for cell culture. A total of five nasalswab samples from the cows that were positive for IBR infection (diagnosed by Polymerase Chain Reactionand cell culture) were inoculated on the chorio-allantois membrane of embryonated chicken eggs.Observation of lesions performed at 3-5 days after inoculation. Re-inoculation (passage) was done threetimes. Pock characteristic lesions were observed on the corioallantoic membrane with the size of 5-7 mm,rounded shape, opaque edge, with necrosis in the central area. Furthermore, pock lesions were processedfor hematoxylin and eosin staining and immuno-histochemistry. The result of hematoxylin and eosinstaining showed that the formation of intranuclear inclusion bodies and vacuolization of the epithelial cellof membrane was observed. Immuno-histochemistry staining showed positive reaction for antibodiesagainst BHV-1 in the epithelial cells membrane. In conclusion, embryonated chicken eggs could be usedas a medium for detection of IBR.

Pelacakan Gen Env-TM Virus Penyakit Jembrana Galur Tabanan 1995 dengan Metode Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplificaton Asmarani Kusumawati; Atik Ratnawati; Ida Arlita Wulandari; Sri Hartati; Tri Untari
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 16 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

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Jembrana disease is an infectious disease in Bali cattle cause by a member of lentivirus calledjembrana disease virus (JDV). It causes an acute and severe disease syndrome with short incubationperiod. As the disease has spread to several areas in Indonesia, a simple and rapid detection method isrequired. The objective of this study to apply rapid diagnostic method for JDVTabanan 1995 strain basedon Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification (NASBA) methods targeting env-tm gene. The steps of thisresearch consisted of viral RNA isolation from organ and blood of cattle experimentaly infected withJDVTabanan 1995 strain . RNA amplification was conducted by NASBA using waterbath. The NASBAproducts were then separated on 2 % agarose gel. Using this technique JDV positive result was obtainedfrom organ samples such as spleen, liver, lung, prefemoralis lymph node, prescapularis lymph node andblood generating a RNA fragment of 207 bp. In this study, diagnosis method for env tm of JDV Tabanan1995 strain can be conducted by isothermal amplification NASBA.

Resistansi Antibiotik Bakteri dari Ulas Kloaka Burung Puyuh Sehat Maria Anggita; Widya Asmara; Tri Untari; Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Sidna Artanto; Okti Herawati; Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 22 No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Anti Mikrob Resistan (AMR) menjadi masalah utama baik pada manusia, hewan, dan lingkungan. Pada umumnya pemberian antibiotik dilakukan oleh peternak unggas di Indonesia melalui pakan sebagai antibiotik pemacu pertumbuhan/Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP). Penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan di industri peternakan dianggap berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya resistansi obat pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejadian resistansi bakteri dari ulas/swab kloaka burung puyuh sehat. Sebanyak sepuluh ekor puyuh sehat dari peternakan puyuh di daerah Kalasan, Klaten, Yogyakarta diswab kloaka dan dikultur pada media cair Brain Heart Infusion (BHI). Biakan ditanam pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) dan diletakkan Sembilan jenis cakram/disk antibiotik: streptomisin, doksisiklin, fosfomisin, kloramfenikol, kolistin, siprofloksasin, ampisilin, eritromisin, dan penisilin. Setelah inkubasi pada suhu 37°C selama 18-24 jam, zona hambat yang terbentuk kemudian diukur dan ditentukan sifat resistansi dibandingkan dengan standar. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 20%kultur bakteri resistan terhadap streptomisin, 40% resistan terhadap doksisiklin, 40% resistan terhadap kloramfenikol, 50% resistan terhadap kolistin, 20% resistan terhadap siprofloksasin, 20% resistan terhadap ampisilin, 90% resistan terhadap eritromisin, 50% resistan terhadap penisilin, dan tidak ada resistansi terhadap fosfomisin. Terdapat satu dari sepuluh puyuh (P10) yang memiliki resistansi terhadap tujuh dari sembilan jenis antibiotik (78%) yang diujikan, dan dua dari sepuluh puyuh (P2 dan P4) memiliki resistansi terhadap dua dari sembilan antibiotik (11%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri dari swab kloaka pada burung puyuh sehat umur 21 hari dari satu peternakan yang sama memiliki tingkat resistansi yang berbeda-beda. Sifat resistansi terhadap antibiotik dari masing-masing puyuh juga berbeda-beda.

Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar: Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis of Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia coli Bacteria in Commercial Chicken, Blitar District Freshinta Jellia Wibisono; Bambang Sumiarto; Tri Untari; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Dian Ayu Permatasari; Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Ve
Publisher : Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46549/jipvet.v10i1.74

Multidrug resistance is a problem that is difficult to overcome in terms of treating infectious diseases. Multidrug resistance is the term used to describe when a bacteria is resistant to three or more different classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli as a commensal bacterium which has multidrug resistance, this causes more issues because Escherichia coli can transfer its resistant properties to other bacteria within the poultry digestive tract. The observational study is used to determine the risk factors and to estimate the quantitative effects arising from various components that contribute to the emergence of a disease. The sampling in this study was carried out randomly through cloaca swabs from commercial chicken farms in Blitar and 345 samples were collected. Complementary data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The results showed the incidence of multidrug resistance in commercial chickens in the Blitar District was 72.5%. There is a relationship between causative factors with the incidence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria that is significantly associated with positive risk factors. The strength of this relationship can be seen from the value of OR and RR, among others factors of chicken breed (OR = 3.07; RR = 1.34), breeder's education (OR = 2.3; RR = 1.29), type of livestock business (OR = 7.5; RR = 1.43), type of animal feed (OR = 1.91; RR = 1.2), veterinary support for livestock raising management (OR = 3.09; RR = 1.44). The reference variables are whether the antibiotics are administered by non-veterinarians (OR = 2.35) or by the TS (OR = 7.92), and whether there is an antibiotic administration program (OR = 3.16; RR = 1.47). The overseeing function of farm maintenance, management, and implementation of antimicrobial administration in commercial chicken farms needs to be improved, to increase breeders' awareness of the careful usage of antibiotics and controlling the incidence of antibiotic resistance.

Deteksi Virus Newcastle Disease pada Burung Merpati (Columba Livia) dan Burung Tekukur (Streptopilia Chinensis) yang Menunjukkan Gejala Syaraf Nyoman Reishita Andriyani; Arfian Rahma Shanti; Liza Angeliya; Marla Anggita; Tri Untari; Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni; Widya Asmara; Michael Haryadi Wibowo
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022): November 2022
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.10.3.220-227

Dewasa ini dilaporkan banyak kasus pada burung merpati (Columba Livia) dan burung tekukur (Streptopilia Chinensis) menunjukkan gejala syaraf, terutama: tortikolis, dan kepala gemetar, yang merupakan indikasi penyakit Newcastle Disease (ND). Kedua spesies burung tersebut banyak berkeliaran di lokasi farm ayam komersial untuk mencari pakan. Kondisi tersebut dapat bertindak sebagai faktor penular penyakit ND. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi virus ND pada burung merpati dan burung tekukur yang memperlihatkan gejala saraf, dengan uji serologis dan molekuler. Sampel darah diambil dari vena brakhialis, diproses untuk mendapatkan serum darah. Serum tersebut selanjutnya diuji dengan uji hemaglutinasi inhibisi (HI), untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND. Sampel pool otak, trakea, dan lien diekstraksi RNA-nya dan diamplifikasi dengan primer spesifik gen F virus ND. Sampel pool tersebut juga dikultur pada telur ayam berembrio specific pathogen free (TAB-SPF). Identifikasi dilakukan dengan uji hemaglutinasi (HA) dan HI dengan serum kontrol positif ND. Hasil deteksi serologis 7 sampel burung merpati menunjukkan titer antibodi ND bervariasi dari titer 25 sampai 28., sedangkan 2 sampel diperoleh seronegatif dengan titer 20. Salah satu pool gerusan organ kode M3/Sleman/2021 menunjukkan hasil RT-PCR positif. Analisis sekuens isolat virus ND tersebut termasuk NDV virulen dan dikelompokkan ke dalam genotipe VII-i. Pasase pool sampel organ tersebut masing-masing dikultur pada TAB-SPF dengan pasase sebanyak 3 kali, menunjukkan hasil negatif.

EVALUASI KIT DETEKSI CEPAT TERHADAP SAMPEL OTAK ANJING TERINFEKSI VIRUS RABIES Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Tri Untari; Sidna Artanto; Surya Amanu; AETH. Wahyuni; Widya Asmara
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi kit deteksi cepat Anigen® rapid test kit rabies Ag dalam mendeteksi virus rabies pada sampel otakanjing yang diperoleh dari lapangan yang meliputi batas deteksi, kecepatan reaksi, uji reaksi silang, uji sensitivitas, dan spesifisitas. Batas deteksi ditentukan dengan pengenceran secara serial kontrol positif virus rabies dan selanjutnya diuji dengan rapid test kit sesuai petunjuk produsen. Uji reaksi silang dilakukan dengan canine parvovirus, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella sp. Uji sensitivitas dan spesifisitas dilakukan terhadap sampel otak yang telah dikonfirmasi positif rabies dengan uji fluorescent antibody technique. Konfirmasi uji rapid test tersebut dilakukan dengan reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Anigen® rapid test kit rabies Ag mampu mendeteksi sampel yang mengandung virus rabies dengan titer 0,5 x log 106,5/0,03 ml, dengan rata-rata kecepatan reaksi 1,8 menit 29,35 detik (kurang dari 2 menit). Di samping itu Anigen® rapid test kit rabies menunjukkan tidak terdapat reaksi silang dengan canine parvovirus, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella sp. serta mempunyai sensitivitas 92,30% dan spesifisitas 97,90%

EFEKTIVITAS ENROFLOKSASIN TERHADAP INFEKSI BAKTERI PADA SALURAN PENCERNAAN ULAR SANCA BATIK (Python reticulatus) Agustina Dwi Wijayanti; Tri Untari; Antasiswa W. Rosetyadewi; Slamet Rahardjo
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 7, No 2 (2013): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas enrofloksasin terhadap infeksi bakteri pada saluran pencernaan ular sanca batik (Python reticulatus). Ular yang digunakan berjumlah 10 ekor dan terindikasi klinis mengalami gangguan pencernaan berupa keradangan pada mulut. Sampel yang diambil adalah swab mulut dan kloaka untuk pemeriksaan mikrobiologi berupa isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri pada media brilliant green agar, Mc Conkay agar, triple sugar iron, dan pembiakan isolat murni. Setelah pengambilan sampel semua ular diinjeksi dengan enrofloksasin 5 mg/kg bobot badan, dosis tunggal secara intramuskular anterior. Pengamatan klinis dilakukan hingga semua ular dinyatakan sembuh dari keradangan mulut. Hasil pemeriksaan mikrobiologi menunjukkan adanya bakteri Salmonella sp., E. coli, dan Proteus sp. pada saluran pencernaan ular. Enrofloksasin yang diberikan secara injeksi intramuskular anterior mampu memberikan kesembuhan dalam rentang waktu 4-16 hari setelah pemberian.

EVALUASI KIT DETEKSI CEPAT TERHADAP SAMPEL OTAK ANJING TERINFEKSI VIRUS RABIES Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Tri Untari; Sidna Artanto; Surya Amanu; AETH. Wahyuni; Widya Asmara
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v9i1.2797

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi kit deteksi cepat Anigen® rapid test kit rabies Ag dalam mendeteksi virus rabies pada sampel otakanjing yang diperoleh dari lapangan yang meliputi batas deteksi, kecepatan reaksi, uji reaksi silang, uji sensitivitas, dan spesifisitas. Batas deteksi ditentukan dengan pengenceran secara serial kontrol positif virus rabies dan selanjutnya diuji dengan rapid test kit sesuai petunjuk produsen. Uji reaksi silang dilakukan dengan canine parvovirus, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella sp. Uji sensitivitas dan spesifisitas dilakukan terhadap sampel otak yang telah dikonfirmasi positif rabies dengan uji fluorescent antibody technique. Konfirmasi uji rapid test tersebut dilakukan dengan reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Anigen® rapid test kit rabies Ag mampu mendeteksi sampel yang mengandung virus rabies dengan titer 0,5 x log 106,5/0,03 ml, dengan rata-rata kecepatan reaksi 1,8 menit 29,35 detik (kurang dari 2 menit). Di samping itu Anigen® rapid test kit rabies menunjukkan tidak terdapat reaksi silang dengan canine parvovirus, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella sp. serta mempunyai sensitivitas 92,30% dan spesifisitas 97,90%

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