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All Journal Paramita: Historical Studies Journal KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE Abdimas Forum Ilmu Sosial SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan JSW (Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo) Solidarity: Journal of Education, Society and Culture JESS (Journal of Educational Social Studies)
Thriwaty Arsal
Department of Sociology and Anthropology Semarang State University
Arts Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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WOMAN’S POSITION IN UNDOCUMENTED MARRIAGES Arsal, Thriwaty
Jurnal Komunitas: Research and Learning in Sociology and Anthropology Vol 6, No 1 (2014): Lokalitas, Relasi Kuasa dan Transformasi Sosial
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/komunitas.v6i1.2947

Abstract

The term of undocumented marriage is only known in Muslim community in Indonesia. Undocumented marriage is a legal type of marriage based on Islam as long as it is meets the marriage’s legal requirements; however, it is diverge from the state rules because it is not registered in the authorized institution for marriage. A woman who married with this type of marriage, based on law and administration, has no clear identity before the state. It will make her difficult to have her right as a wife. Undocumented marriage will give weak position for children by law. In addition, women’s position in this type of marriage is the disadvantage object. Although undocumented marriage has negative impact especially on women and children; in Warurejo, however, this marriage is widely dispersed among the community. Research is conducted in Warurejo village, East Java using qualitative, quantitative and semantic approaches. Research result shows that the women’s position in this undocumented marriage is having discrimination, subordination, no bargaining power in the family, and susceptible for cervix cancer. They do not have any option for the future because it is determined by family, norm and value system prevailed in the community. Istilah nikah siri hanya dikenal pada masyarakat muslim Indonesia. Nikah siri adalah bentuk pernikahan yang sah secara agama Islam sepanjang memenuhi syarat sahnya pernikahan tapi dianggap menyimpang dari peraturan negara karena tidak terdaftar pada lembaga yang berwenang mengurusi masalah perkawinan. Perempuan yang nikah siri, secara catatan hukum atau administrasi tidak memiliki identitas yang jelas di hadapan negara. Sulit untuk mendapatkan hak-haknya sebagai seorang istri. Pernikahan siri berdampak pula pada kelemahan posisi anak secara hukum. Selain itu, posisi perempuan dalam nikah siri juga lebih banyak menjadi objek yang dirugikan. Walaupun nikah siri mempunyai dampak negatif khususnya terhadap perempuan dan anak tapi di Warurejo nikah siri begitu berkembang dan meluas pada masyarakat. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di desa Warurejo Jawa Timur dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif dan semantik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posisi perempuan dalam menikah siri mengalami diskriminasi, subordinasi, tidak memiliki posisi tawar dalam keluarga, rentan terhadap kanker serviks. Perempuan tidak memiliki pilihan untuk menentukan masa depannya karena masa depannya ditentukan oleh keluarga dan norma dan sistem nilai yang berlaku pada masyarakat tersebut
Nikah Siri dalam Tinjauan Demografi Arsal, Thriwaty
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 6, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan

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Abstract

Konsepsi dan pemaknaan nikah siri tetap eksis dari waktu ke waktu dan pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk "merahasiakan" pernikahan agar ada pihak-pihak tertentu yang tidak mengetahui terjadinya pernikahan tersebut. Pemaknaan nikah siri dari sisi konsep ajaran Islam, merupakan bentuk pernikahan yang secara substantif di dalamnya terdapat indikasi kekurangan syarat dan rukun perkawinan walaupun secara formal terpenuhi, sementara dari sisi terminologi sosiologis masyarakat Indonesia dalam kerangka normatif perundang-undangan perkawinan, dimaknai pada setiap pernikahan yang tidak dicatatkan oleh lembaga yang berwenang mengurusi pernikahan. Dinamakan siri karena dilangsungkan secara diam-diam, tertutup, rahasia atau sembunyi-sembunyi tanpa adanya publikasi. Munculnya fenomena nikah siri yang semakin marak dilakukan, dengan alasan tertentu tanpa wali perempuan, bahkan terkadang juga tanpa saksi dan tanpa sepengetahuan orang tua pihak perempuan. Pernikahan seperti ini tidak sah secara agama dan apalagi secara hukum Negara, walaupun pelaku nikah sebagian masyarakat menganggap bahwa pernikahan model seperti ini sudah sah berdasarkan pemahaman agama yang diyakini tanpa memikirkan segala resiko dan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh nikah siri terutama bagi perempuan dan anak yang dihasilkan dari pernikahan siri. Kata kunci: nikah siri, hukum Islam, hukum Negara, kependudukan.
GAYA HIDUP PEKERJA INDUSTRI GALANGAN KAPAL DI KELURAHAN KARANGASEM UTARA KECAMATAN BATANG Suhandini, Purwadi; Arsal, Thriwaty; Nurdianto, Nurdianto
Journal of Educational Social Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Postgraduate Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Industrialisasi merupakan proses perubahan masyarakat dari sistem sosial dan ekonomi. Segala aspek masyarakat dan lingkungannya turut bergeser. Pada industri galangan kapal tradisional di Kelurahan Karangasem Utara mampu menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan yang berpendapatan rata-rata 2 milyar pertahun. Keadaan ini yang mendesak masyarakat pekerja galangan kapal merubah gaya hidup yang terkonsentrasi pada aspek pemenuhan kebutuhan dan menyampingkan aspek perkembangan  pendidikan anak-anaknya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan gaya hidup pekerja industri galangan kapal di kelurahan karangasem utara kecamatan batang. Subjek dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling digunakan untuk mengetahui gaya hidup pekerja, aktivitas dan dampak perkembangan industri yang meliputi 3 pekerja di setiap industri galangan kapal yang berjumlah 17 industri. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentatif yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis data triangulasi untuk menguji keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan didukung oleh teori gaya hidup yang dikemukakan oleh Mead dan Chaney menyatakan bahwa pekerja mempunyai beberapa bentuk gaya hidup yaitu industri gaya hidup, iklan gaya hidup, public relations dan journalisme gaya hidup, gaya hidup mandiri, dan gaya hidup hedonisme. Pekerja galangan kapal memiliki gaya hidup mandiri sebanyak 47%, gaya hidup penampilan sebanyak 4%, iklan gaya hidup sebanyak 10%,  gaya hidup public relations sebanyak 25%, dan gaya hidup hedonisme sebanyak 14% dari jumlah sampel penelitian 51 orang. Aktivitas industri yaitu produksi dan pemasaran. Adapun dampak perkembangan industri yang meliputi; meningkatkan pendapatan, mengurangi kemiskinan, membuka lapangan pekerjaan, munculnya kerjasama, persaingan antar industri, kesempatan kerja, dan kerusakan lingkungan. Saran ditujukan untuk masyarakat pekerja supaya mengurangi pola hidup yang berkembang ke arah negatif dan lebih meningkatkan motivasi dan etos kerja. Untuk pemilik dan pengurus industri hendaknya melakukan kegiatan industri yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan.Industrialization is the process of changing society from social and economic system. All aspects of society, culture and environment has changed. In traditional shipbuilding industry in Karangasem Utara is able to provide employments who earn an average of 2 billion annually. This situation changes the lifestyles of shipbuilding industry workers; fulfilling the aspect of economic needs than educational development of their children. The aim of this study was to describe the lifestyle of the shipbuilding industry workers in Karangasem Utara, Batang regency. The research subject in this study were all workers of shipbuilding industry in the village of Karangasem Utara. The sample in this study were taken by purposive sampling technique which was used to determine the lifestyle of the workers, the activity and the impact of industrial development that were three workers from each shipbuilding industry of 17 industries. The technique of collecting data used interviews, documentation, and observation. Data were analyzed using descriptive percentage analysis followed by triangulation data analysis to test the validity of the data. The research was based on the theory of lifestyle proposed by Mead and Chaney, stated that people have some forms of lifestyle that are industry lifestyle, advertising lifestyle, public relations and journalism lifestyle, independent lifestyle and hedonistic lifestyle. The result of the study showed that there were 47% of 51 people of the total sample had independent lifestyle, 4% for appearance lifestyle, 10% for advertising lifestyle, 25% for public relations lifestyle and 14% for hedonistic lifestyle. Moreover, industrial activities are about production and marketing. The impacts of industrial development are improving living-standards (income), decreasing poverty, creating jobs, having cooperation, competing of inter-industry, employment, having new cultures and having environment damages. The suggestions are the shipbuilding workers should decrease the negative lifestyle and improve the motivation and work ethic. The owners and managers should be aware of the community? housing complex, doing sustainable industrial activity and establishing environmental-friendly.
Survival Strategy of Rice Farmers in Planting Paddy in Dry Season Arsal, Thriwaty; Yunus, Mahmud; Handoyo, Eko; Ahmad, Sakaria
KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture Vol 12, No 2 (2020): September
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/komunitas.v12i2.23920

Abstract

The development of agricultural tools and technology has made a change to cropping patterns in agricultural communities in Donoyudan Village. Farmers begin to plant rice in the dry season with the help of water wells as the main source of irrigation. Farmers choose to plant rice in the dry season because the results are better than the rainy season. The purpose of the research is to determine the survival strategies of paddy farmers in choosing plant species on agricultural land in the dry season. The research method uses qualitative methods, namely observation, triangulation, and in-depth interviews with farmers and farmer groups. The research is conducted in Donoyudan Village, Kalijambe District, Sragen Regency. The results show that the survival strategy of paddy farmers and rice farming activities in the dry season is the availability of water wells and water pumping machines as the main sources of irrigation in the dry season. Water wells are used if there is not enough rainwater to irrigate the fields. There are two types of water wells, which are shallow well and deep well.
PERANAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MASYARAKAT PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG (STUDI KASUS PEREMPUAN PETANI TEMBAKAU DI DESA TLAHAP KECAMATAN KLEDUNG) Arsal, Thriwaty
Forum Ilmu Sosial Vol 36, No 1 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/fis.v36i1.1324

Abstract

This is a qualitative research in the context of role, time allocation, income contribution, and women tobacco farmer contribution on decision making. The data source are collected through observation and in-depth interview with 5 families, including women tobacco farmer, their husbands, and their children, to fnd the description about women role in public and domestic activities. The research questions are: (1) what are the roles of women tobacco farmer in Tlahap Village Kledung Subdistrict Temanggung Regency? (2) how they allocate their time between domestic and public activities? and (3) how is their contribution in increasing family income? The result of this research shows that the women tobacco farmers have high contribution in their family income, around Rp. 2.000.000,00 – Rp. 3.000.000,00 every harvest, twice a year. Besides their work as farmer, they have side job that increase their family social economics condition. Women tobacco farmer work in farm about 9 hours a day and 5 hours in home, compare with their husband that only work 9 hours in farm. This fact shows that women tobacco farmer activities are longer than their husband.Keywords: Women, farm society, tobacco farmer
Jaringan dan Sistem Sosial dalam Distribusi Komoditas Pertanian Lahan Kering Luthfi, Asma; Husain, Fadly; Arsal, Thriwaty; Gunawan, Gunawan; Rini, Hartati Sulistyo
JSW (Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo) Vol 2, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jsw.2018.2.2.2893

Abstract

Farming systems in the highlands have special typologies, as the development of dryland farming systems in the form of “tegalan” or gardens. This farming system also exists in several regions in Central Java. The aim of the study is to understand the distribution network system of local commodities (coffee, cocoa, and sugar palm at the local level). This study used qualitative research methods. The subjects in this study were the community (farmers) in Medono Village, Boja District, Kendal Regency. The results showed that the coffee and palm sugar distribution network system is carried out by collectors who come from local people and vendors or entrepreneurs from outside the village.
The Involvement of Women in the Production of Emping Melinjo (Melinjo Chips) to Improve the Economy of Rural Farmer Household Arsal, Thriwaty
KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Komunitas, September 2015
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/komunitas.v7i2.4720

Abstract

Women’s involvement in the production of melinjo chips were related to the low educational level and less skill. They only had skill in producing melinjo chips that they inherited from their parents. Women who worked to produce melinjo chips were only to help their husband to improve their household economy. In addition, collector companies only recognized man as workers; therefore, only man who got the salary. Qualitative research was used as the research method with 10 informants consisted of men and women. Research result indicated that the involvement of women in the production of melinjo chips was marginalized where salary was not calculated despite their involvement in the whole production process. Moreover, there was no recognition for women’s work and they had no health insurance and social protection from the collector companies. 
A Relasi Kerja Mandor Dan Buruh Perempuan Pada Pabrik Rokok PT. Unggul Jaya Di Kabupaten Blora Arsal, Thriwaty; Oktarina, Lisa Dwi; Luthfi, Asma
Solidarity: Journal of Education, Society and Culture Vol 6 No 2 (2017): SOLIDARITY
Publisher : Solidarity: Journal of Education, Society and Culture

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Abstract

Hubungan kerja antara mandor dan buruh perempuan di pabrk rokok PT. Unggul Jaya tidak hanya terjadi di lingkungan kerja tetapi juga di ranah sosial. Penelitian ini akan memberikan gambaran mengenai hubungan kerja pada mandor dan buruh. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pertukaran sosial dari Homans. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Lemahbang, Kecamatan Jepon, Kabupaten Blora. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perlindungan yang diberikan mandor berupa reward kepada buruh atau anak buah mereka agar lebih bersemanagat dalam bekerja. Sedangkan buruh juga memberikan loyalitas memalui bantuan tenaga serta kepedulian. The working relationship between the foreman and the labor of women in the PT. Unggul Jaya cigarettes factory not only occuring in the environment but also in the social domain. This study will provide an overview of the employment relationship on the foremen and laborers. The theory used in this study is Social exchange theory of Homans. The method used is qualitative. The research location in the village Lemahbang, District Jepon, Blora. The results of this study indicate protection afforded by a foreman in the form of reward to workers or their subordinates to be more more spirit in their work. While labours also give loyalty through the aid effort and concern.    
NIKAH SIRI DI WARUREJO DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH Arsal, Thriwaty; Wahyuni, Ekawati S.; Pandjaitan, Nurmala K.; Hubeis, Aida Vitayala S.
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 25, No 2 (2015): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v25i2.5132

Abstract

Siri Marriage (unofficial marriage) is not a new phenomenon in Indonesia with its all negative impacts. However, in Warurejo village, siri marriage is accepted widely by society particularl actors and siri marriage network.  Siri marriage is a legal activity based on Islam if corresponding with legal requirements of marriag. Location of the research is conducted in  Warurejo village, East Java through qualitative, quantitative and semantics approaches. The result of research shows that siri marriage in Warurejo has been long standing and hereditary since Madura ethnic migrates to Warurejo. Siri marriage initially occurs among migrants, gradually changing and leading to commercialization. Warurejo people cannot predict the exact time when the commercialization of siri marriage applied in Warurejo village, but surely after commercialization occurs, there is a workplace for brokers and clerics. Economy needs sometimes cause the actors ignoring the negative impacts as a result of siri marriage, such as domestic violence, child custody, inheritance, etc. If there is a divorce, it is only delivered by brokers or short messages through mobile phone. Nikah siri bukanlah fenomena baru di Indonesia dengan segala dampak negatifnya. Namun, di Desa Warurejo nikah siri diterima secara luas oleh masyarakat, terutama aktor dan   jaringan nikah siri. Nikah siri merupakan tindakan yang sah menurut agama Islam sepanjang sesuai syarat sahnya pernikahan. Lokasi penelitian di lakukan di desa Warurejo Jawa Timur.dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif dan semantik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nikah siri di Warurejo sudah berlangsung lama dan turun temurun. Sejak etnis Madura melakukan migrasi ke Warurejo. Nikah siri yang awalnya terjadi hanya sesama migran, lambat laun mengalami perubahan dan mengarah ke komersilisasi. Masyarakat Warurejo tidak bisa memperkirakan sejak kapan komersilisasi nikah siri mulai berlaku di Desa Warurejo, namun yang pasti sejak adanya komersilisasi maka sejak itu pula mulai memunculkan  lahan pekerjaan baru bagi para broker dan kyai/modin. Kebutuhan terhadap ekonomi  menyebabkan pelaku terkadang mengabaikan fungsi negatif yang diakibatkan oleh nikah siri, misalnya adanya kekerasan  dalam rumah tangga,  hak asuh anak, waris, dan lain-lain. Jika terjadi perceraian, maka perceraian itu hanya disampaikan melalui broker atau pesan pendek melalui telepon seluler. 
KEMISKINAN DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KALANGAN PETANI Arsal, Thriwaty
Forum Ilmu Sosial Vol 41, No 1 (2014): June 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/fis.v41i1.5379

Abstract

The poverty problem is related to various variables. Generally, the cause of the poverty problem is divided into two, which are exogenous cause and endogenous cause. Based on the endogenous cause, poverty is divided into three. First, structural poverty, which is poverty that caused by the existence of policy, regulation, and the institutional that obstruct the productivity and mobility of the society. Second, cultural poverty, a poverty which is caused by behaviors and values which are applied by the society so they productivity is low. These are the reaction and adaptation upon their marginal position in social stratification. Third, natural poverty caused by the inadequate natural condition, such as the lack natural resources or the disadvantage of geographical condition. Meanwhile, for the endogenous cause, the poverty is caused by the weakness and physical flaws (physical defect or old age), the low the human resources quality (the low of education quality, health, skill, and competence), and the weak of individual character (fatalistic, apathetic, depending, helplessness, low self-esteem, easily discouraged, uncreative and not innovative, etc.). Although it can be differentiate, both the three of them are related and influential.
Co-Authors - Suyahmo Adang Syamsudin Sulaha, Adang Syamsudin Afif, Muhammad Ainul Ahmad, Sakaria Aida Vitayala S. Hubeis Amin Pujiati Andi Irwan Benardi, Andi Irwan Anisatul Wardani, Anisatul Asma Luthfi Dewi Liesnoor Setyowati Dwi Tika Sari, Dwi Tika Ekawati S. Wahyuni Eko Handoyo Elly Kismini Erwinsya, Erwinsya Etty Soesilowati Fadly Husain Febrina Damayanti, Febrina Gunawan Gunawan Hartati Sulistyo Rini I Ketut Sudiana Iswara, Astuti Eka Stya Karamina, Sharfina Khaironi, Khaironi Khoirun Nisa, Irfiani Maulida Lestari, Lilis Eka Lutfiana, Hilma Lutfiana, Hilma Mahmud Yunus Moh. Solehatul Mustofa Muhammad Basri Nindia, Sefira Rizki Ayu Nugroho, Apriyanto Dani Nurdianto Nurdianto, Nurdianto Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan Oktarina, Lisa Dwi Oktarina, Lisa Dwi Pramistika, Triana Aprellia Purwadi Suhandini Retnawati, Retnwati Retnawati, Retnwati Rini, Setiana Eka Rita Suswati Rizqiana, Anita SATRIYAS ILYAS Sumartono Tono, Sumartono Syaiful Amri Syuhada, Ardhi Noorkhan Tjaturahono Budi Sanjoto Umar Hidayatullah, Umar Widyastiti, Ririh Wijaya, Revany Mahardika Yunus, Mahmud Yurizka Meivani, Yurizka