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Journal : Adabiyyat: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra

ASPEK-ASPEK GRAMATIKAL YANG TERLEWATKAN DALAM PENYUSUNAN TATA BAHASA INDONESIA I Wayan Pastika
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 12, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.556 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2013.12107

Abstract

Many controversial issues on Indonesian grammar need to discuss to be more detail and four of the most crucial ones are: (a) the morphophonemic processes of the active voice marker, (b) the degree of transitivity for the causative and applicative, (c) the third passive other than di- and ter-, and (d) different types of reflexive. The classical Generative Grammar is applied to approach the first issue, while Typological theory is employed for the three other problems. The objective is to propose a new concept on how the grammatical structure is determined. The norm of morpheme for the active voice marker is meng- since it occurs with a wider distribution, while mem-, men-, meng-, me- and menge- occur in particular phonological environments. In the causative –kan and the applicative –i, the -kan is more transitive than the -i. The construction of OAV in this paper is called the third passive, other than the passive di- and ter-. For the reflexive, it has to be distinguished into transitive with a real Object and pseudo Object. The first type can be passived while the second type is not allowed. Reflexive also takes intransitive where the Subject is Doer and Undergoer at the same time.
KLITIK –NYA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA I Wayan Pastika
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 11, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (175.741 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2012.11106

Abstract

The –nya clitic is discussable in terms of not only microlinguisctic domains (phonology, morphology and syntax) but also macrolinguistic perspectives like pragmatics and sociolinguistics. In terms of microlinguistics, there are three important findings of the –nya clitic structure : it can appear (a) as a genitive form, (b) as a definite marker, and (c) as a third person pronoun attached to different word categories (verbs, adjectives, and adverbs). Pragmatically speaking, the –nya clitic can distinguish ‘the old information’ from ‘the new one’ overtly and covertly. From the sociolinguistic point of view the –nya clitic is functioned to avoid the use of the second person that directly threatens the interlocutor’s face. The –nya clitic is also used to measure the degree of closeness between the addresser and the addressee (speech participants): the use of -nya indicates closer relationship (as in bukunya mana?), whereas the use of second person forms indicates formality (as in Dimana Buku Anda?). In informal situations, the speaker tends to choose the third person–nya as a marked form instead of the second person forms such as Anda, kamu, Saudara,  Bapak, Ibu, and Dik, which are unmarked. Therefore,  the –nya clitic is grammatically, pragmatically, and sociolinguistically very dynamic in different speech registers.