Articles
Rat Density of Leptospirosis Case in Puskesmas Ngemplak Boyolali Regency
Muhamad Zulfikar Firdaus;
Retno Hestiningsih;
Martini Martini;
M. Arie Wuryanto
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 4 (2019): OKTOBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v7i4.24897
Leptospirosis is a disease caused by bacterial infection of Leptospira sp and a animals disease that can be transmitted to humans. Bacteria Leptospira live in the body of an infected animal and will come out with the animal's urine. Rats as a host acts as a reservoir plays an important role in the epidemiology of disease transmission and its close to human life that can be deadly, namely leptospirosis. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional case study method. The variables of this study are the type of rat, sex of the rat, trap success, number of rats, density of Rats. Sampling by placing live-trap in a place that has sign traces of rats in 4 houses of leptospirosis patients and 14 houses around each house of leptospirosis patients. Sample size depends on the number of rats that are caught during this study. The results of the study showed that 14 male rats and 27 female rats were caught. Total number of rats caught was 41 rats with a success trap of 17.1% in dense category. Rats were caught from two types, namely Rattus tanezumi (rat's house) as many as 15 with an average weight of 202 gram and Rattus norvegicus (sewer rat) as many as 26 with an average weight of 239 gram.
Perbandingan Efikasi Insektisida Rumah Tangga Oil Liquid terhadap Pengendalian Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan Metode Glass Chamber
Imam Suhada;
Retno Hestiningsih;
Martini Martini;
Susiana Purwintasari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 1 (2016): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v4i1.11677
High dengue cases in Indonesia to encourage the public to control the dengue vector. One vector control using insecticides liquid oil. More and more household insecticides used by the community lead to resistance in mosquitoes. The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of insecticides X, Y, Z on the control of Aedes aegypti mosquitos. Testing the power to kill 3 household insecticide products that contain active insecticide transflutrin 1.436 X, Y insecticide active ingredient praletrin 0.572 g / l, d alletrin 3.245 g / l, cyfluthrin 0.286 g / l, Z insecticide active ingredient Sipermetrin 1.00 g / l , imiprotin 0.50 g / l, praletrin 0.50 g / l. This research was conducted by entering the 20 mosquitoes in a glass chamber and then exposed to the insecticide and the observed number of mosquitoes that pass out with the time interval from 0.5 to 20 minutes. Anova test analysis results can be seen no difference in the number of mosquitoes that die with 3 insecticide. Knock-down time 50 (KT50) and KT90 fastest is insecticide X with 97.842 seconds, while for the Aedes aegypti mosquito KT90 took 516.366 seconds. Research must be done on a regular basis on the effective use of household insecticides and monitoring products on the market to avoid insecticide resistance
HUBUNGAN MAYA INDEX DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN TEGALSARI KOTA TEGAL
Novia Rokhmawanti;
Martini Martini;
Praba Ginanadjar
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 1 (2015): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v3i1.11339
Tegalsari Urban Village was one of the endemic areas with the highest dengue cases in Tegal city. Maya index was an indicator to determine high-risk areas as nurseries for larvae by using hygiene risk indicator (HRI) and breeding risk indicator (BRI). The goal of this research was to know the relationship of maya index with dengue hemorrhagic fever incident in Tegalsari Urban Village. This research used observational analitic with cross sectional design. Samples taken as many as 100 homes using purposive sampling method. Measurement of the maya index variables using observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the chi-square. The results of this study indicated that there was a relationship between the maya index with incidence of DHF. The level of risk a high of maya index to the middle of maya index equal to 9 times (POR 9; 95 % CI 1,846-44,082) and the high of maya index to the low of maya index equal to 8,8 or close to 9 (POR 8,8; 95 % CI 1.046 to 74.042).The low of maya index were 21 (21%) homes, middle of maya index were 43 (43 %) homes, and the high of maya index were 36 (36 %). The density of larvae seen of the entomology index in Tegalsari obtained house index (HI) of 66 %, container index (CI) of 16.3 %, and breteau index (BI) of 101 who showed that Tegalsari was an area of high risk of dengue transmission. The suggestion for the health department to train women larva monitoring (Bumantik) with the inspection techniques larvae material either in a controlled (controllable sites) or uncontrolled (disposable sites).
GAMBARAN MINYAK GORENG YANG DIPAKAI PENJUAL PENYETAN DI TEMBALANG SEMARANG
Asmau Saadah;
Martini Martini;
Sri Yuliawati
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 4 (2016): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v4i4.14123
Praktek penggorengan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas minyak dan makanan yang digoreng.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan minyak goreng yang dipakai oleh penjual penyetan yang berjualan di sekitar Kecamatan Tembalang Semarang.Jenis penelitian ini adalah Observasional Deskriptifdengan jumlah responden 35 penjual penyetan.Variable yang diamati yaitu gambaran minyak goreng seperti jenis minyak yang digunakan, kondisi penyimpanan minyak goreng, waktu penggantian minyak, praktik penambahan minyak goreng baru dengan minyak goreng bekas.Informasi gambaran minyak goreng diperoleh dari wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Dari hasil wawancara menunjukkan sebagian besar responden sebanyak 65,7% responden menggunakan minyak goreng curah untuk menggoreng menu penyetan, 2,9% responden tidak menyimpan minyak goreng dalam wadah tertutup, sebanyak 65,7% tidak mengganti minyak goreng dari buka warung hingga tutup warung, sebanyak 68.8% responden menambhakan minyak goreng bekas dengan minyak goreng baru selama proses berjualan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar minyak goreng yang digunakan oleh penjual penyetan di Tembalang Semarang berpotensi untuk mengalami penurunan kualitas.
HUBUNGAN KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGI AIR BAKU DAN HIGIENE SANITASI DENGAN CEMARAN MIKROBA PADA AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI KECAMATAN TEMBALANG
Endang Sri Utami;
Martini Martini;
Lintang Dian Saraswati;
Susiana Purwantisari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 1 (2018): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v6i1.19874
Based on Indonesian Health Ministry regulation No. 492/ MENKES/PER/ IV/2010, the MPN coliform dan E.coli of drinking water should be 0 of 100 mL sample. A previous research showed that 95% of samples did not require the microbiological contamination. The research aimed to analyze the correlation between microbiological quality of raw water and hygiene sanitation with microbiological contamination of refilled drinking water. The type of this research is analytic with cross sectional approach. The samples are 47 depots and 55 workers. The results showed that 85.1% of samples did not require the microbiological contamination. Using by Chi-square test analysis (α=5%) indicates that the personal hygiene has p=0.035 (OR=10,000 and CI=1.095 to 91.309). It means personal hygiene have a correlations with microbiological contamination of refilled drinking water. While the microbiological quality of the raw water (p=0.188), the conditions of depots sanitary (p=0.999), the conditions of equipment sanitary (p=0.410) were not associated with the contamination of refilled drinking water. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the sanitary inspection and testing the sampels frequently. Also, socialization for depot’s workers is needed to increase the hygiene sanitation.
STATUS RESISTENSI NYAMUK AedesaegyptiTERHADAP MALATHION DI WILAYAH KERJA KKP KELAS III LHOKSEUMAWE(BerdasarkanUji Impregnated Paper danBiokimia)
Syahrizal Syahrizal;
Retno Hestiningsih;
Martini Martini
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 3 (2016): MEI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v4i3.12825
Focus fogging in KKP Class III Lhokseumawe conducted every 3 months according to Standard Operating Procedures. Fogging activities carried out although there are cases. The use of insecticides for long periods can lead to insect resistance to organophosphate isektisida. This study aims to determine the resistance status of Ae. aegypti to malathion.Research conducted at the KKP Work Area Class III Lhokseumawe, larvae samples taken from three different areas, among others Kruenggeukueh Ports, Ports and Airports MalikussalehHaguPertamina. F1 mosquito rearing results in resistance tests using the susceptibility test kits and impregnated Paper malathion 0.8%, which is where the mosquito mortality was observed after 24 hours. Results showed death Ae.aegypti mosquitoes in the region 3 is 2%, 3% and 0 means that have been resistant to malathion. Malathion can not be used again by the Port Health Office Class III Lhokseumawe proved to be the death of Ae. aegypti is less than 80% so it needs to be replaced with another class of insecticides such as group Pirethroid (deltamethrin, Lambdasihalotrin, and cypermetrin)
EFEKTIVITAS TEMEPHOS SEBAGAI LARVASIDA PADA STADIUM PUPA Aedes aegypti
Bhakti Chrisna Pambudi;
Martini Martini;
Udi Tarwotjo;
Retno Hestiningsih
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 1 (2018): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v6i1.19896
The countermeasures of DHF disease is caused by several factors which is interacted one another. Application of insecticide as larvacide is the most common way to used by society to control vector growth and insecticides are often used in Indonesia is Abate with temephos active ingredient. This research aimed to asses the effect of application larvacide with active ingredient temephos to mortality of Aedes aegypti pupae stadium and survivality imago stadium. The type of this research was an experimental research using post only control group design approach. The population used in this research was Ae. aegypti pupae which was breed in the laboratory. The number of tested pupae used in this research were 25 for every tested medium and conducted for 5 times repeatedly. Therefore, the total of pupa used were 750 larva. The data analysis using the Kruskal wallistest and followed by Mann whitney test.The analysis result showed that there were significant differences between the number of pupae which become imago (p=0.001) and the number of imago which survived until the second week (p=0.001). Death occurs because temephos belongs to organophosphate compounds that have anticholinesterase action.Inhibits cholinesterase enzyme, causing disruption to nerve activity because acetylcholine accumulates on the nerve endings an causes death.
BAKTERI KONTAMINAN Salmonella sp. PADA KECOA (Blattidae) DI KAPAL DOMESTIK YANG BERSANDAR DI PELABUHAN PANGKALBALAM KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG Contaminant Bacteria Salmonella sp. on Cockroachs (Blattidae) in Domestic’s Ship in Pangkalbalam’s Port Bangka Belitung Island
Fitriana Dwi Fidiawati;
Retno Hestiningsih;
Martini Martini;
Praba Ginandjar
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 4 (2017): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v5i4.18713
Cockroach is a vector which is often found on the ship that can affect the condition of crew, because cockroach spreads diseases to humans through pathogenic bacteria. Data showed that 10,5% of ships in Pangkalbalam’s Port had bad sanitation which cause the ships as the area where this vector do reproduction. The objective of this study was to identify the contaminant bacteria Salmonella sp. from the cockroach’s external body in domestic ship in Pangkalbalam’s Port. This was an explanatory research with cross sectional approach. Populations of this research were all cockroaches on domestic’s ship (cargo, passenger, tugboat, and tanker). Samples of this research were taken purposively which represent the species and sex of the cockroach from four different places (kitchen, pantry, crew’s room, and passenger’s room). Laboratory experiment resulted from among 30 cockroaches, 3,3% positively infected by Salmonella enteritidis with total bacteria on each cockroach was 3,7 x 106colony/gr. Crew have to keep personal hygiene and sanitation of ship to reduce cockroach population.
Keanekaragaman Jenis Rayap Tanah dan Dampak Serangan Pada Bangunan Rumah di Perumahan Kawasan Mijen Kota Semarang
Annisa Savitri;
Martini Martini;
Sri Yuliawati
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 1 (2016): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v4i1.11653
Termite attacks on buildings construction in Indonesia has become a major problem since the beginning until now, so that termites are known as pests. The residential development has after the habitats of termites that an impact on the narrowing of the environmental termites and reduce termite food source. So this led to the increasing of a termite attack. This research was conducted at kawasan Mijen Kota Semarang. The objectives of this research are to identify the type of subterranean termites and to know the impact of subterranean termites attack on house building. This research is descriptive with survey method and cross sectional approach. The samples in this study are building houses using purposive sampling and taking termite using accidental sampling technique. The result of this study showed that the termite species Macrotermes gilvus Hagen soldiers (71%) and Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (29%). The type of a house component that usually suffered a lot of damage is the door frame with the intensity (minimum damage). Therefore, it is necessary to attempt an anti-termite treatment for houses, to repair the damage building components immediately, to clean the wood, the trees that have died or other lignoselulosa material which related to the soil.
HUBUNGAN HIGIENE PENJAMAH DENGAN KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGIS PADA MINUMAN ES COKLAT DI KOTA SEMARANG (Studi di Kecamatan Tembalang Dan Kecamatan Pedurungan)
Dwi Rahayuningsih;
Martini Martini;
Susiana Purwantisari;
Retno Hestiningsih
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 4 (2017): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jkm.v5i4.18371
Water borne disease is a disease caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria in the body with drinks. Ice chocolate currently many outstanding in the community. Tembalang and Pedurungan, Semarang are an educational area so it is a strategic place to sell ice chocolate. The purpose of this research is to analyze relations between hygiene sanitation with microbiological quality in ice chocolate in Semarang (Study in Tembalang and Pedurungan). This study is observational-analytic with using cross sectional design. The samples were 38 samples of ice chocolate. Data were analyzed using Chi square. The results showed that most of the ice chocolate did not qualify with 35 samples (92,1%) of unqualified Coliform status, 21 samples (55,3%) were contaminated with Escherichia coli, and 6 samples (15,7%) were contaminated with yeast / mold / fungi. This study shows there is an relations between hygiene handlers with microbiological quality in ice chocolate (p value = 0,043). Traders should pay attention to hygiene when making ice chocolate so that bacterial contamination can be minimized.