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Herlina Herlina
SMPN 2 Indralaya Selatan
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Journal : Konversi

 1 
MINYAK KULIT JERUK PAKIS SEBAGAI ESSENTIAL OIL DALAM PEMBUATAN SABUN: EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Herlina, Herlina
Konversi Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Oktober 2014
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v3i2.162

Abstract

Abstrak- Kulit jeruk pakis (Citrus grandis) merupakan limbah yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan rumah tangga, industri dan pertanian. Dengan proses distilasi kulit jeruk pakis dapat diambil minyaknya sebagai citrus oil yang selanjutnya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan sabun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan rendemen dan mutu citrus oil dari bahan baku kulit jeruk pakis segar dan dikeringkan (40 oC, 6 jam) dengan metode water distillation. Massa kulit jeruk yang digunakan adalah 200, 300, 400 dan 500 gram diekstraksi selama 3 jam pada 100 °C. Rendemen minyak yang diperoleh untuk kulit jeruk pakis segar berturut-turut pada massa kulit jeruk 200, 300, 400 dan 500 gram ialah  0,888 %, 0,619%, 0,178% dan 0,239% sedangkan untuk kulit jeruk yang keringkan diperoleh rendemen berturut-turut 0,214%, 0,029%,0,074% dan 0,023%. Minyak yang dihasilkan dari kulit jeruk segar dan kering dianalisa dengan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) mengandung 82,136% limonen. Kulit jeruk pakis sebelum dan sesudah diekstraksi dianalisa dengan Scanning Electro Microscopy (SEM) dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa struktur permukaan setelah ekstrasi menjadi rusak dan struktur kristalinnya tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Minyak yang dihasilkan selanjutnya direaksikan dengan NaOH 30% untuk menghasilkan sabun. Kadar pH sabun pada konsentrasi (w/v) 1%, 5% dan 10% dalam 100mL air berturut-turut sebesar 9, 10 dan 10 sedangkan kadar air dalam sabun yang diperoleh sebesar 37,25%. Kata Kunci: jeruk pakis, minyak kulit jeruk, water distillation, sabun Abstract- Pakis orange peel is one of wasted product from household, industry and agriculture activities. Pakis orange peel can be extracted by distillation as citrus oil. Furthermore, it can be used as essential oil in production of soap. The purposes of this research  is to compare yield and quality of citrus oil base on fresh and dried  pakis orange peel (40°C, 6 hours) by water distillation methode. The variation mass of orange peel was used  200, 300, 400 and 500 gram then was extracted  for 3 hours at 100°C. The yield of citrus oil from fresh pakis orange peel with weight 200, 300, 400 and 500 gram are 0,888%, 0,619%, 0,178% and 0,239%,  respectively. The dried pakis orange peel was produced citrus oil 0,214%, 0,029%, 0,074% and 0,023%, respectively. The citrus oilwas analyzed by Gas Chromatoghrapy Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) which was contained ca. 82,13% of limonene. Pakis orange peel before and after extraction analyzed with Scanning Electro Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were indicated the structure of surface area after extraction has become broken  and the sructure of crystalline structure was not significant changes. Furthermore, citrus oil obtained from extraction was reacted with 30% NaOH for soap production. The pH of soap at concentration 1%, 5% and 10% (w/v) in water  9, 10 and 10, respectively.  The water content in the soap about 37,25%. Keywords: pakis orange, orange peel oil, water distillation, soap
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Mutalib Abdul Muthalib Abidin Abidin Abu Anwar Abubakar Hamzah Adang Hardi Gunawan Agus Arianto Toly Al Qadri, Andi Ramdan Al-Asy'ari, M Khoirul Hadi alfiah alfiah Alhaq, Panji Mujahid Ali Djamhuri Anak Agung Oka Andi Eko Wiyono, Andi Eko anggalia wibasuri Angraeni, Via Anuar Sanusi Arbi, Arbi Arifati, Rifa Armadany, Fery Indradewi Arsela, Della Arwan Arwan Asti , A Sri Wahyuni Astija Ateng Sukmana Aziza, Nur Bau Ratu Budi Untari Budianto Budianto Canti Besari chamdani, muhamad Chin, Jacky Dadang Haffid Dadang Hafid Darmawati Darmawati Daviq Chairilsyah Dede Kurniasih Dewi, Eka Trisnawati Dewi, Eva Dicki Hardi Wantoro, Dicki Hardi Dina Permata Wijaya Diyah Martanti, Diyah Djoharly Djoharly Djumarti Djumarti Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati Dwivani, Clarentia Endang Sarmini Enny Lestari Eva Utami Evan Yuli Andika, Evan Evi Sovilawati FAJARUDIN AHMAD Falenzah, Julian Fausan, Muhammad Mifta Fauzi, Ari Nur Fauzi, Ari Nur Firana, Ario Firman Firman Hafifah, Ifa Hambali Hambali Hamdiyah, Hamdiyah Handalan, Muhammad Agung Hanifa, Lia Happy Fitria, Happy Hardianto Iridiastadi Harijadi, Karina Hariyati, Rr.Tutik Sri Hasanah, Oswati Hasri Hasri Herlan Setiawan Hotman Lubis I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana I Nengah Suwastika Ibon Suparman Ida Farida Adi Prawira Ifdil Ifdil Ikhsan Kadir, Ikhsan Ilhamsyah, Ihamsyah Imas Komala Indah Permata Sari Indra Saptiama Iriani, Dwi Irpadilla, Mirna Ayu Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari istiqomah istiqomah Jumaini, Jumaini K, Endah Widiastuti Kadarisman Kadarisman Kaksim Karyadi Karyadi Kaswari Kaswari Khadarisman Wisnukaton Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Klemens, Klemens Kristian Adi Nugraha Kurniawati, Khofifah KUSUMADEWI SRI YULITA Lafitri, Endar Latifa, Elmiawati Lia Dahlia Iryani Lina Ayu Marcelina Linda Ika Mayasari, Linda Ika Luh Putu Ratna Sundari M. Ariza Eka Yusendra, M. Ariza Eka M. Fahli Zatrahadi M. Sayad Maman Suherman Mardiyanto Mardiyanto Mariyono Sedyo Winarso, Mariyono Sedyo Marleni Marleni Marlina Marlina Martalena Ramli Mattalatta Mattalatta, Mattalatta Maulina Maulina, Maulina Merizka, Engla Miftahuddin Miftahuddin Mimien Henie Irawati Mufid, Muchamad Mujinah Mujinah Munawwaroh, Inayatul Musa, Irmawati Muslimin Muslimin Muthmainnah, Nurul Nina Siti Salmaniah, Nina Siti Noor Diani Novianti, Evin Nurfajriah, Nurfajriah Nurlina Tarmizi, Nurlina Nurwahyuni Nurwidodo Nurwidodo, Nurwidodo Pitrah Asfian, Pitrah Prasetya, Fikki Puspita, Yenny Putri, Dini Utami R Scholten, Aviva Ramadhaniyah, Rieka Ramlawati Ramlawati Ranti nazmi Rasyid, Riana Sari Puspita Ratman Ratman Reni Zulfitri Rita Suhadi Rizal Rizal Rohadi Awaluddin Rohadi Awaludin Rohendi, Mita Nurmayanti Rokhaidah, Rokhaidah rosmadi, maskarto lucky nara Rosnita Rosnita Rudi Susilana, Rudi Ruhadi Ruhadi Safri Safri Sani K, Fathnur SANTI NURBAITI Sari, Adinda Norma Gupita Sari, Nova Nurwinda Sari, Vera Permata Sarjan N. Husain Sayhreni, Elfi Sayhreni, Elfi Shiyan, Shaum Sih Yuwanti Solihah, Indah Sri Handayani Sri Karnila Sri Utami Sri Wahyuni Sritumini, Bella Anantha Sriyono Sriyono Stefani Amanda Suhaimi Suhaimi Suharmadi Suharmadi Sukma Desi, Sukma Surdin, Surdin Suzane, Meri Syaodih, Erliany Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Tachyan, Zaenudin Teady Matius Surya Mulyana, Teady Matius Tinjung Desy Nursanti Togar M. Ritonga Togar Marsangap Ritonga Tri Saptuti Susiani Tri Suciati Triana Lindriati Triani Widyaningrum Vanny M. A Tiwow Wahyu Adi Warjio Warjio, Warjio Wibowo, Maryanto Widyawati Widyawati Wira Y. Rahman Yayan Tahyan Yeni Rustina Yolanda, Risky Rati Yolandini, Reza Yulianti, Dona Yuliarti, Andriani Yulmaini Yulmaini Yumna Rasyid, Yumna Yundari, Yundari Yuyarti Yuyarti, Yuyarti Yuyu S. Poerba, Yuyu S. Yuyu Suryasari Poerba Zulkifli Zulkifli